The usage of natural dyes for coloration has attained attention in recent years due to their ecofriendly environment. Therefore, in this study, orange peel solvent extract is used as a natural dye for coloring Tencel fabric samples. Pre-mordanting and post-mordanting methods were accomplished with two different mordants, i.e. ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate. The dyeing shade effects were retrieved through colorfastness properties according to the ISO standardizations. The results revealed that the best color shade (K/S: 4.56) was achieved using mordant ferrous sulfate through the post-mordanting method. The effect of lightfastness on all dyed Tencel fabric samples was observed good (3–4) in both mordanting methods. However, mordant ferrous sulfate showed better lightfastness (4) than copper sulfate (3–3.5) through both mordanting methods. Comparatively, in the rubbing fastness, copper sulfate has superior results in both mordanting methods. The ferrous and copper sulfates in both mordanting methods have similar tests results (4.5) of washing fastness, acidic and alkaline perspiration. Furthermore, the FTIR test substantiated that not any structural change occurred through orange peel dyed Tencel fabric samples through both methods. TGA observed samples were relatively stable up to 300^∘C temperature. Overall, the best results of colorfastness for Tencel fabric samples were obtained with ferrous sulfate mordant through the post-mordanting extraction method.

中文翻译：

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用橙皮提取的天然染料处理天丝织物的染色和色牢度性能

近年来，使用天然染料进行着色因其对环境友好而受到关注。因此，在本研究中，橙皮溶剂提取物被用作天然染料对天丝织物样品进行着色。使用两种不同的媒染剂，即硫酸亚铁和硫酸铜来完成前媒染和后媒染方法。根据 ISO 标准化，通过色牢度特性检索染色色调效果。结果表明，最好的色调（ķ/小号: 4.56) 是通过后媒染法使用媒染硫酸亚铁实现的。在两种媒染方法中，对所有染色的天丝织物样品的耐光性效果都观察到良好 (3-4)。然而，通过两种媒染方法，媒染硫酸亚铁显示出比硫酸铜（3-3.5）更好的耐光性（4）。相比较而言，在摩擦牢度方面，硫酸铜在两种媒染方法中均具有优越的效果。两种媒染方法中的硫酸亚铁和硫酸铜在水洗牢度、酸性和碱性汗渍方面的测试结果相似（4.5）。此外，FTIR 测试证实，橙皮染色的天丝织物样品通过两种方法均未发生任何结构变化。TGA 观察到的样品相对稳定可达 300 ^∘C 温度。总体而言，用硫酸亚铁媒染剂通过媒染后萃取法获得了天丝织物样品的最佳色牢度结果。