Structural batteries are multifunctional composites that combine load-bearing capacity with electro-chemical energy storage capability. The laminated architecture is considered in this paper, whereby restriction is made to a so called half-cell in order to focus on the main characteristics and provide a computational tool for future parameter studies. A thermodynamically consistent modelling approach is exploited for the relevant electro-chemo-mechanical system. We consider effects of lithium insertion in the carbon fibres, leading to insertion strains, while assuming transverse isotropy. Further, stress-assisted ionic transport is accounted for in addition to standard diffusion and migration. The relevant space-variational problems that result from time discretisation are established and evaluated in some detail. The proposed model framework is applied to a generic/idealized material representation to demonstrate its functionality and the importance of accounting for the electro-chemo-mechanical coupling effects. As a proof of concept, the numerical studies reveal that it is vital to account for two-way coupling in order to predict the multifunctional (i.e. combined electro-chemo-mechanical) performance of structural batteries.

结构电池是多功能的复合材料，结合了承重能力和电化学能量存储能力。本文考虑了叠层架构，从而对所谓的半电池进行了限制，以便专注于主要特性并为将来的参数研究提供了计算工具。为相关的电化学机械系统开发了热力学一致的建模方法。我们假设锂在碳纤维中的插入会导致插入应变，同时假设横向各向同性。此外，除了标准的扩散和迁移外，还考虑了应力辅助的离子迁移。建立并详细评估了因时间离散而导致的相关空间变化问题。拟议的模型框架应用于通用/理想化的材料表示，以证明其功能性和考虑电化学-机械耦合效应的重要性。作为概念的证明，数值研究表明，考虑双向耦合对于预测结构电池的多功能（即组合的电化学—机械）性能至关重要。