In this study, a multi-polarised two-dimensional (2D) planar array of sparsely located vector antennas (VAs) is designed for the block sparse representation (SR)-based 2D direction finding and polarisation parameter estimation of wideband signals. In order to alleviate the inter-VA mutual coupling effect, the minimum inter-VA spacing of the 2D sparse array is constrained to be no less than one wavelength that corresponds to the highest signal frequency. To reduce the computational complexity of parameter estimation, the 2D block SR model for the 2D difference coarray output at a certain frequency bin is established, under which the two direction cosine terms for 2D direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation are decoupled with the polarimetric terms. This enables separated but simultaneous 2D direction finding and polarisation parameter estimation with the newly developed joint 2D block orthogonal matching pursuit (Joint-2D-BOMP) subband fused sparse recovery algorithm. Moreover, with the use of two spatial only (polarisation independent) over-complete dictionaries, the representation dimension of the new 2D block SR model is greatly reduced as compared with the traditional space-polarisation joint SR model. The efficacy of the presented VA array geometry and the associated parameter estimation method is validated by computer simulations.

中文翻译：

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使用稀疏矢量天线阵列的二维DOA的块稀疏表示方法和宽带信号的极化估计

在这项研究中，稀疏定位矢量天线（VAs）的多极化二维（2D）平面阵列被设计用于基于块稀疏表示（SR）的2D方向查找和宽带信号的极化参数估计。为了减轻VA间相互耦合效应，将2D稀疏阵列的最小VA间间隔限制为不小于对应于最高信号频率的一个波长。为了降低参数估计的计算复杂度，建立了在特定频率仓输出2D差分协阵列的2D块SR模型，在该模型下，将2D到达方向（DOA）估计的两个方向余弦项与极化项。这可以使用新开发的联合2D块正交匹配追踪（Joint-2D-BOMP）子带融合稀疏恢复算法实现分离但同时的2D方向查找和偏振参数估计。此外，与传统的空间极化联合SR模型相比，通过使用两个仅空间（与极化无关）的超完备字典，新2D块SR模型的表示尺寸大大减小了。通过计算机仿真验证了所提出的VA阵列几何形状和相关参数估计方法的功效。与传统的空间极化联合SR模型相比，新的2D块SR模型的表示尺寸大大减小。通过计算机仿真验证了所提出的VA阵列几何形状和相关参数估计方法的功效。与传统的空间极化联合SR模型相比，新的2D块SR模型的表示尺寸大大减小。通过计算机仿真验证了所提出的VA阵列几何形状和相关参数估计方法的功效。