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Subtle connection between shape coexistence and quantum phase transition: The Zr case
Physical Review C ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-30 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.102.054333
J. E. García-Ramos , K. Heyde

Background: Zr region is characterized by very rapid changes in the ground state structure of the nuclei. In particular, the onset of deformation when passing from $^{98}$Zr to $^{100}$Zr is one of the fastest ever observed in the nuclear chart. It has been probed both experimental and theoretically that certain low-lying excited states of Zr isotopes own different shapes than the ground state. Purpose: We intend to disentangle the interplay between the sudden changes in the ground state shape, i.e., the existence of a quantum phase transition, and the presence in the spectra of coexisting states with very different deformation, i.e., the presence of shape coexistence. Method: We rely on a previous calculation using the Interacting Boson Model with Configuration Mixing (IBM-CM) which reproduces in detail the spectroscopic properties of $^{96-110}$Zr. This IBM-CM calculation allows to compute mean-field energy surfaces, wave functions and any other observable related with the presence of shape coexistence or with a quantum phase transition. Results: We obtain energy surfaces and the equilibrium value of the deformation parameter $\beta$, the U(5) decomposition of the wave functions and the density of states. Conclusions: We confirm that Zr is a clear example of quantum phase transition that originates from the crossing of two configurations with a very different degree of deformation. Moreover, we observe how the intruder configuration exhibits its own evolution which resembles a quantum phase transition too.

中文翻译:

形状共存与量子相变之间的微妙联系:Zr 案例

背景:Zr 区域的特征是原子核基态结构的快速变化。特别是,从 $^{98}$Zr 到 $^{100}$Zr 的变形开始是核图中观察到的最快的变形之一。已经从实验和理论上探讨了 Zr 同位素的某些低激发态具有与基态不同的形状。目的:我们打算解开基态形状的突然变化(即量子相变的存在)与具有非常不同变形的共存态光谱中的存在(即形状共存的存在)之间的相互作用。方法:我们依赖于先前使用具有配置混合的相互作用玻色子模型 (IBM-CM) 进行的计算,该计算详细再现了 $^{96-110}$Zr 的光谱特性。这种 IBM-CM 计算允许计算平均场能量表面、波函数和任何其他与形状共存或量子相变的存在相关的可观测值。结果:我们获得了能量面和变形参数$\beta$的平衡值、波函数的U(5)分解和状态密度。结论:我们确认 Zr 是量子相变的一个明显例子,它源于具有非常不同变形程度的两种配置的交叉。此外,我们观察到入侵者配置如何展示其自身的演变,这也类似于量子相变。这种 IBM-CM 计算允许计算平均场能量表面、波函数和任何其他与形状共存或量子相变的存在相关的可观测值。结果:我们获得了能量面和变形参数$\beta$的平衡值、波函数的U(5)分解和状态密度。结论:我们确认 Zr 是量子相变的一个明显例子,它源于具有非常不同变形程度的两种配置的交叉。此外,我们观察到入侵者配置如何展示其自身的演变,这也类似于量子相变。这种 IBM-CM 计算允许计算平均场能量表面、波函数和任何其他与形状共存或量子相变的存在相关的可观测值。结果:我们获得了能量面和变形参数$\beta$的平衡值、波函数的U(5)分解和状态密度。结论:我们确认 Zr 是量子相变的一个明显例子,它源于具有非常不同变形程度的两种配置的交叉。此外,我们观察到入侵者配置如何展示其自身的演变,这也类似于量子相变。结果:我们获得了能量面和变形参数$\beta$的平衡值、波函数的U(5)分解和状态密度。结论:我们确认 Zr 是量子相变的一个明显例子,它源于具有非常不同变形程度的两种配置的交叉。此外,我们观察到入侵者配置如何展示其自身的演变,这也类似于量子相变。结果:我们获得了能量面和变形参数$\beta$的平衡值、波函数的U(5)分解和状态密度。结论:我们确认 Zr 是量子相变的一个明显例子,它源于具有非常不同变形程度的两种配置的交叉。此外,我们观察到入侵者配置如何展示其自身的演变,这也类似于量子相变。
更新日期:2020-11-30
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