We consider a one-dimensional trapped spin-1 Bose gas and numerically explore families of its solitonic solutions, namely antidark-dark-antidark (ADDAD), as well as dark-antidark-dark (DADD) solitary waves. Their existence and stability properties are systematically investigated within the experimentally accessible easy-plane ferromagnetic phase by means of a continuation over the atom number as well as the quadratic Zeeman energy. It is found that ADDADs are substantially more dynamically robust than DADDs. The latter are typically unstable within the examined parameter range. The dynamical evolution of both of these states is explored and the implication of their potential unstable evolution is studied. Some of the relevant observed possibilities involve, e.g., symmetry-breaking instability manifestations for the ADDAD, as well as splitting of the DADD into a right- and a left-moving dark-antidark pair with the antidarks residing in a different component as compared with prior to the splitting. In the latter case, the structures are seen to disperse upon long-time propagation.

中文翻译：

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自旋1 Bose气体中的暗反暗旋子孤子

我们考虑一维捕获的自旋1 Bose气体，并在数值上探索其孤子解的族，即反暗-暗-反暗（ADDAD）以及暗-反暗-暗（DADD）孤波。通过原子序数和二次塞曼能的连续性，在实验可接近的易平面铁磁相内系统地研究了它们的存在和稳定性。发现ADDAD比DADD具有更大的动态鲁棒性。后者通常在检查的参数范围内不稳定。探讨了这两种状态的动态演化，并研究了它们潜在的不稳定演化的含义。观察到的一些相关可能性包括，例如ADDAD的破坏对称性的不稳定性表现，以及将DADD拆分为向右移动和向左移动的暗反暗对，而反darks与分割前相比位于不同的组件中。在后一种情况下，结构会随着长时间的传播而分散。