Abstract

Sleep disturbances (SD) represent one of the main symptoms of menopause and they are caused by several factors. Hormonal changes such as the reduction of oestrogen levels and the consequent vasomotor symptoms (VMS) along with psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety could contribute to the onset of SD. Furthermore, obesity per sè or through the obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) could blunt sleep. Moreover, in menopause is usual a reduction in melatonin, that could contribute to SD. Nutritional strategies are paramount because they could contribute to manage menopause-related SD, in particular tackling obesity and overweight. Furthermore, some foods, such as soy, fish, whole grains, vegetables and fruit could decrease symptoms like depression and VMS, correlated with SD in postmenopausal women. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current evidence on SD in menopause and to provide nutritional strategies for managing SD in this context.

 抽象的

睡眠障碍（SD）是更年期的主要症状之一，由多种因素引起。雌激素水平降低等荷尔蒙变化以及随之而来的血管舒缩症状 (VMS) 以及抑郁和焦虑等精神疾病可能会导致 SD 的发生。此外，肥胖本身或阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）可能会影响睡眠。此外，在更年期，褪黑激素通常会减少，这可能会导致 SD。营养策略至关重要，因为它们有助于管理与更年期相关的 SD，特别是解决肥胖和超重问题。此外，一些食物，如大豆、鱼、全谷物、蔬菜和水果，可以减轻抑郁症和 VMS 等症状，这些症状与绝经后女性的 SD 相关。因此，本综述的目的是概述绝经期 SD 的当前证据，并提供在此背景下管理 SD 的营养策略。