ABSTRACT

The attenuation coefficients of cosmic-ray muons through metal plates were theoretically determined. Three methods (A, B, and C) were proposed by the researchers using the experimental data of count rate which was obtained from the detection of cosmic-ray muons through metal plates of different thicknesses. Method A was applied to Pb, Cu, Zn, and Al, whereas Methods B and C were applied to Pb only. The proposed A and B methods were based on ignoring the detected count rate produced by the shower of electromagnetic cascades to obtain the attenuation of cosmic-ray muons. The values and the formula of the radiation length of metals were used in Method A to obtain a theoretical formula to measure the cosmic-ray muon attenuation coefficients. The results showed consistent behavior with the atomic number, mass number, and mass density. In Method C, the penetrating muon is assumed to generate many sources of photon-electron cascades at every collision. The result was successful in describing the theoretical count rate behavior and to implicitly determine the muon attenuation.

摘要

理论上确定了宇宙射线μ子在金属板上的衰减系数。研究人员使用计数率的实验数据提出了三种方法（A，B和C），该计数率是通过通过不同厚度的金属板检测宇宙射线μ子而获得的。方法A适用于Pb，Cu，Zn和Al，而方法B和C仅适用于Pb。所提出的A和B方法基于忽略电磁级联喷淋产生的检测计数率，从而获得了宇宙射线μ子的衰减。方法A中使用金属的辐射长度值和公式来获得测量宇宙射线μ子衰减系数的理论公式。结果显示出与原子序数，质量数和质量密度一致的行为。在方法C中，假设穿透的介子在每次碰撞时都会产生许多光电子级联源。结果成功地描述了理论计数率行为，并隐含地确定了μ子衰减。