ABSTRACT

Introduction

There are currently no effective treatments for Methamphetamine (METH) addiction and psychotherapy remains the sole treatment option. The development of immunopharmacotherapies for the treatment of drug addiction, overdose, and relapse management appears to be promising alternative and a significant body of information has been generated using various vaccine development strategies. Herein, we present an update on the developments toward anti-METH vaccines and their study outcomes in preclinical and clinical studies.

Areas covered

The scope of this article is to present an update on METH vaccine development strategies such as active vaccination through hapten design and the passive immunization through monoclonal antibodies along with preclinical and clinical studies. The relevant literatures and clinical trial outcomes were searched in databases including Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, ClinicalTrials.gov, and www.anzctr.org.au using specific keywords.

Expert opinion

Significant improvements have been developed for immunopharmacotherapies for METH addiction over the last two decades. However, only one monoclonal antibody candidate has been evaluated in a phase I clinical trial. At this moment, it is essential to evaluate the safety and efficacy of potential candidates in clinical trials to validate the importance of this platform drug-vaccine conjugation in order to manage or overcome METH addiction.

中文翻译：

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预防甲基苯丙胺成瘾的疫苗开发

摘要

介绍

目前尚无有效的甲基苯丙胺成瘾疗法，而心理疗法仍是唯一的治疗选择。开发用于治疗药物成瘾，过量和复发管理的免疫药物疗法似乎是有前途的替代方法，并且使用各种疫苗开发策略已产生了大量的信息。在此，我们介绍了抗METH疫苗的最新发展及其在临床前和临床研究中的研究结果。

覆盖区域

本文的范围是提供有关METH疫苗开发策略的最新信息，例如通过半抗原设计进行主动疫苗接种和通过单克隆抗体进行被动免疫以及临床前和临床研究。使用特定关键字在包括Google，Google Scholar，PubMed，Science Direct，ClinicalTrials.gov和www.anzctr.org.au的数据库中搜索相关文献和临床试验结果。

专家意见

在过去的二十年中，针对METH成瘾的免疫药物疗法已经取得了重大进步。但是，在I期临床试验中仅评估了一种单克隆抗体候选物。目前，必须评估临床试验中潜在候选药物的安全性和有效性，以验证该平台药物-疫苗结合的重要性，以控制或克服METH成瘾。