Gre factors prevent thermal and mechanical stresses induced by terahertz irradiation during transcription,Genes to Cells

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Gre factors prevent thermal and mechanical stresses induced by terahertz irradiation during transcription
Genes to Cells ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-28 , DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12822
Masahiko Imashimizu ₁ , Masahito Tanaka ₂ , Hiromichi Hoshina ₃

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During transcription in cells, the transcription complex consisting of RNA polymerase, DNA and nascent RNA is exposed to fluctuating temperature and pressure. However, little is known about the mechanism of transcriptional homeostasis under fluctuating physical parameters. In this study, we generated these fluctuating parameters using pulsed local heating and acoustic waves in the reaction system of transcription by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase, using a terahertz free‐electron laser. We demonstrated that transcription processes, including abortive initiation and elongation pausing, and the fidelity of elongation are significantly affected by the laser‐based local perturbations. We also found that all these functional alternations in the transcription process are almost completely mitigated by the presence of Gre proteins. It is well known that Gre proteins enhance RNA cleavage of polymerase by binding to the pore structure termed secondary channel. Recently, the chaperone activities have also been proposed for Gre proteins, yet the details directly associated with transcription are largely unknown. Our finding indicates that Gre proteins are necessary for maintaining transcriptional homeostasis under thermal and mechanical stresses.

中文翻译：

Gre因子可防止转录过程中由太赫兹辐射引起的热应力和机械应力

在细胞转录过程中，由RNA聚合酶，DNA和新生RNA组成的转录复合物暴露于波动的温度和压力下。但是，对物理参数波动下转录稳态的机制了解甚少。在这项研究中，我们利用脉冲局部加热和声波在大肠杆菌转录反应系统中生成了这些波动参数。RNA聚合酶，使用太赫兹自由电子激光。我们证明了转录过程，包括流产起始和延长暂停，以及延长的保真度，都受到基于激光的局部扰动的显着影响。我们还发现，Gre蛋白的存在几乎完全缓解了转录过程中的所有这些功能改变。众所周知，Gre蛋白通过结合称为二级通道的孔结构来增强聚合酶的RNA裂解。最近，也提出了针对Gre蛋白的伴侣活性，但是与转录直接相关的细节在很大程度上是未知的。我们的发现表明，Gre蛋白对于在热和机械压力下维持转录稳态是必需的。

更新日期：2021-02-05

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