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Dp71 contribution to the molecular scaffold anchoring aquaporine‐4 channels in brain macroglial cells
Glia ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-28 , DOI: 10.1002/glia.23941
Mehdi Belmaati Cherkaoui 1 , Ophélie Vacca 1 , Charlotte Izabelle 1 , Anne-Cécile Boulay 2 , Claire Boulogne 3 , Cynthia Gillet 3 , Jean-Vianney Barnier 1 , Alvaro Rendon 4 , Martine Cohen-Salmon 2 , Cyrille Vaillend 1
Affiliation  

Intellectual disability in Duchenne muscular dystrophy has been associated with the loss of dystrophin‐protein 71, Dp71, the main dystrophin‐gene product in the adult brain. Dp71 shows major expression in perivascular macroglial endfeet, suggesting that dysfunctional glial mechanisms contribute to cognitive impairments. In the present study, we investigated the molecular alterations induced by a selective loss of Dp71 in mice, using semi‐quantitative immunogold analyses in electron microscopy and immunofluorescence confocal analyses in brain sections and purified gliovascular units. In macroglial pericapillary endfeet of the cerebellum and hippocampus, we found a drastic reduction (70%) of the polarized distribution of aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) channels, a 50% reduction of β‐dystroglycan, and a complete loss of α1‐syntrophin. Interestingly, in the hippocampus and cortex, these effects were not homogeneous: AQP4 and AQP4ex isoforms were mostly lost around capillaries but preserved in large vessels corresponding to pial arteries, penetrating cortical arterioles, and arterioles of the hippocampal fissure, indicating the presence of Dp71‐independent pools of AQP4 in these vascular structures. In conclusion, the depletion of Dp71 strongly alters the distribution of AQP4 selectively in macroglial perivascular endfeet surrounding capillaries. This effect likely affects water homeostasis and blood–brain barrier functions and may thus contribute to the synaptic and cognitive defects associated with Dp71 deficiency.

中文翻译:

Dp71 对锚定脑大胶质细胞中水通道蛋白 4 通道的分子支架的贡献

Duchenne 肌营养不良症的智力障碍与肌营养不良蛋白 71、Dp71 的丢失有关,后者是成人大脑中主要的肌营养不良蛋白基因产物。Dp71 在血管周围大胶质细胞 endfeet 中表现出主要表达,表明功能失调的神经胶质机制会导致认知障碍。在本研究中,我们使用电子显微镜中的半定量免疫金分析和脑切片和纯化的胶质血管单元的免疫荧光共聚焦分析,研究了小鼠中 Dp71 选择性缺失引起的分子改变。在小脑和海马的大胶质细胞毛细血管末端,我们发现水通道蛋白-4 (AQP4) 通道的极化分布急剧减少 (70%),β-肌营养不良蛋白减少 50%,α1-syntrophin 完全丧失。有趣的是,在海马和皮质中,这些影响并不均匀:AQP4 和 AQP4ex 同种型大多在毛细血管周围丢失,但保留在对应于软脑膜动脉、穿透皮质小动脉和海马裂小动脉的大血管中,表明存在 Dp71 独立池这些血管结构中的 AQP4。总之,Dp71 的消耗强烈地选择性地改变了 AQP4 在毛细血管周围的大胶质细胞血管周围末端的分布。这种效应可能会影响水稳态和血脑屏障功能,因此可能导致与 Dp71 缺乏相关的突触和认知缺陷。穿透皮质小动脉和海马裂小动脉,表明在这些血管结构中存在独立于 Dp71 的 AQP4 池。总之,Dp71 的消耗强烈地选择性地改变了 AQP4 在毛细血管周围的大胶质细胞血管周围末端的分布。这种效应可能会影响水稳态和血脑屏障功能,因此可能导致与 Dp71 缺乏相关的突触和认知缺陷。穿透皮质小动脉和海马裂小动脉,表明在这些血管结构中存在独立于 Dp71 的 AQP4 池。总之,Dp71 的消耗强烈地选择性地改变了 AQP4 在毛细血管周围的大胶质细胞血管周围末端的分布。这种效应可能会影响水稳态和血脑屏障功能,因此可能导致与 Dp71 缺乏相关的突触和认知缺陷。
更新日期:2020-11-28
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