Background

While it is generally recognised that cognitive attributes can predict behaviour change outcomes in the field of addiction this question is typically studied in treatment seeking samples (to predict treatment outcomes and relapse). However the concept of behaviour change applies to the entire spectrum of addiction-like behaviours and initiatives such as temporary abstinence challenges offer insight into an understudied but equally relevant point of the spectrum. Thus the current study examined whether reward-related attentional capture predicted non-abstinence during IkPas (the Dutch national dry January campaign translated: NoThanks!).

Method

Participants included 1130 adults who had complete baseline data and performed above chance level on the cognitive task. Of these 683 participants completed the post-IkPas assessment and were included in the primary analysis. A binary logistic regression examined whether reward-related attentional capture predicted drinking during IkPas controlling for alcohol use at baseline (among other potential confounders).

Results

Participants who showed greater reward-related attentional capture before IkPas were more likely to not remain abstinent from drinking during IkPas (p = .014). Findings were replicated using multiple imputation to replace missing data (p = .013).

Conclusion

These findings provide important insights into the cognitive mechanisms that support successful behaviour change such as the ability to ignore task-irrelevant reward cues and may inform the development of tools that individuals could use to maximise their likelihood of achieving successful behaviour change.

中文翻译：

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奖励相关的注意捕获预测一个月的戒酒挑战中不会戒酒

背景

尽管通常认为认知属性可以预测成瘾领域的行为改变结果，但通常在寻求治疗的样本中研究此问题（以预测治疗结果和复发）。然而，行为改变的概念适用于整个类成瘾行为，而诸如临时戒酒挑战之类的举措则可以洞悉该领域中一个未被充分研究但同样相关的问题。因此，当前的研究检查了与奖励相关的注意力捕获是否可以预测IkPas期间的节欲（荷兰全国一月旱季运动翻译成：NoThanks！）。

方法

参与者包括1130名成年人，他们具有完整的基线数据并且在认知任务上的表现高于偶然水平。在这683名参与者中，完成了IkPas后评估，并纳入了主要分析。二元逻辑回归分析检查了与奖励相关的注意力捕获是否能预测在IkPas期间控制基线饮酒的饮酒（以及其他潜在的混杂因素）。

结果

在IkPas之前表现出更多与奖励相关的注意力捕获的参与者更有可能在IkPas期间不再戒酒（p  = .014）。使用多次 插值法来复制发现结果以替换缺失的数据（p = 0.013）。

结论

这些发现为支持成功的行为改变的认知机制提供了重要的见解，例如忽略与任务无关的奖励线索的能力，并可能为个人可以用来最大化实现成功的行为改变的可能性的工具的开发提供信息。