In this paper, the theoretical design of magnetic electron lens made of macroscopic superconducting spheres in rotation is proposed. The relativistic quantum behavior of an electron in the magnetic field induced by rotating bulk superconductors is described based on the Dirac equation, and electron beam transport is manifested in specific cases. Based on this approach, the focal length of magnetic electron lens made of macroscopic superconductors is theoretically calculated. Subsequently, the characterization of relativistic electron beam manipulating capability of newly designed magnetic electron lens is carried out by variation of the system parameters. Owing to the ability to focus the relativistic electron beam in versatile and precise manner, this approach offers a new way to study a macroscopic system of superconductors based on special relativity, and it sets a milestone in the construction of a new generation of magnetic electron lenses with superconducting spheres. The model is inherited and developed based on previous calculations of the field induced by spherical and cylindrical superconductors (L.B. Holdeman, NASA TR R-443 (1975); R.G. Rystephanick, Can. J. Phys. 51 (1973) 789–794) and the quantum theory of electron propagation through an electron lens (R. Jagannathan, Phys. Rev. A 42 (1990) 6674).

本文提出了由宏观超导球体旋转形成的磁性电子透镜的理论设计。基于狄拉克方程描述了旋转的体超导体在磁场中电子的相对论量子行为，并在特定情况下表现出电子束传输。基于这种方法，理论上计算了由宏观超导体制成的磁电子透镜的焦距。随后，通过改变系统参数来表征新设计的磁性电子透镜的相对论电子束操纵能力。由于能够以通用且精确的方式聚焦相对论电子束，这种方法为研究基于狭义相对论的超导体的宏观系统提供了一种新方法，并且为构建具有超导球体的新一代电磁电子透镜奠定了里程碑。该模型是根据以前对球形和圆柱形超导体所感应场的计算而继承和发展的（LB Holdeman，NASA TR R-443（1975）； RG Rystephanick，Can。J. Phys。51（1973）789-794）和电子通过电子透镜传播的量子理论（R. Jagannathan，Phys。Rev. A 42（1990）6674）。NASA TR R-443（1975）；RG Rystephanick，加拿大。J.物理 51（1973）789-794）和电子通过电子透镜传播的量子理论（R. Jagannathan，Phys。Rev. A 42（1990）6674）。NASA TR R-443（1975）；RG Rystephanick，加拿大。J.物理 51（1973）789-794）和电子通过电子透镜传播的量子理论（R. Jagannathan，Phys。Rev. A 42（1990）6674）。