Abstract Spherical cadmium sulfide (CdS), with five kinds of particle size ranging from 31nm to 117 nm were synthesized by microemulsion method. The phase composition and morphology of CdS were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Based on solution thermodynamic theory, combined with thermochemical cycle theory and thermodynamic theory, the theoretical models and the relationships between molar surface thermodynamic functions and partial mole surface thermodynamic functions of spherical nanomaterials with different particle sizes were deduced and established. The law and reason of particle size and temperature effects on surface thermodynamic function for cadmium sulfide nanospheres, as well as particle size effects on the prescribed thermodynamic function, were discussed. Results show that the ratio of partial molar surface thermodynamic functions to molar surface thermodynamic functions of CdS nanospheres ( H N P s : H m s , S N P s : S m s )have the value of 2:3. The reciprocal of particle size is linearly proportional to the molar surface thermodynamic functions, which agreed well with the theoretical thermodynamic models of spherical nanoparticles. With the same particle size, G m s , S m s , H m s all increase as temperature increases. At 298.15 K, the absolute value of Δ f G m b , θ and Δ f H m n , θ both increase while S m n , θ decreases with the particle size of CdS nanospheres increase.

中文翻译：

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粒径和温度对硫化镉纳米球表面热力学函数的影响和粒径对规定热力学函数的影响

摘要 采用微乳液法合成了粒径为31nm～117nm的5种球形硫化镉(CdS)。CdS 的相组成和形貌分别通过场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FE-SEM) 和 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 表征。基于溶液热力学理论，结合热化学循环理论和热力学理论，推导并建立了不同粒径球形纳米材料的理论模型及摩尔表面热力学函数与部分摩尔表面热力学函数之间的关系。讨论了粒径和温度对硫化镉纳米球表面热力学函数的影响规律和原因，以及粒径对规定的热力学函数的影响。结果表明，CdS纳米球的部分摩尔表面热力学函数与摩尔表面热力学函数之比(HNP s : H ms ，SNP s : S ms )为2:3。粒径的倒数与摩尔表面热力学函数成线性正比，这与球形纳米粒子的理论热力学模型非常吻合。对于相同的粒径，G ms 、S ms 、H ms 都随着温度的升高而增加。在 298.15 K 时，Δ f G mb , θ 和Δ f H mn , θ 的绝对值都增加，而 S mn , θ 的绝对值随着 CdS 纳米球粒径的增加而减小。粒径的倒数与摩尔表面热力学函数成线性正比，这与球形纳米粒子的理论热力学模型非常吻合。对于相同的粒径，G ms 、S ms 、H ms 都随着温度升高而增加。在 298.15 K 时，Δ f G mb , θ 和Δ f H mn , θ 的绝对值都增加，而 S mn , θ 的绝对值随着 CdS 纳米球粒径的增加而减小。粒径的倒数与摩尔表面热力学函数成线性正比，这与球形纳米粒子的理论热力学模型非常吻合。对于相同的粒径，G ms 、S ms 、H ms 都随着温度的升高而增加。在 298.15 K 时，Δ f G mb , θ 和Δ f H mn , θ 的绝对值都增加，而 S mn , θ 的绝对值随着 CdS 纳米球粒径的增加而减小。