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Resistin mitigates stemness and metabolic profile of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via insulin resistance
Cytokine ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155374
Komal Rawal 1 , Kishan M Purohit 1 , Tushar P Patel 1 , Neeta Karont 1 , Sarita Gupta 1
Affiliation  

During obesity adipose tissue abundantly secrete pro-inflammatory adipokines like Tumour Necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), resistin, leptin, etc. but reduced anti-inflammatory adipokines like adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-4. In our recent clinical study, it was observed that both gene expressions and stored levels of resistin were elevated in adipose tissue of metabolically obese Indians. Resistin profoundly increases obesity, mitigates lipid metabolism, and causes peripheral insulin resistance. It dysregulates the metabolism of human adipocytes but, its effects on human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSC) are sparsely explored. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the repercussion of resistin on stemness and metabolic profile of hADSC. hADSC were isolated from a healthy individual followed by immunophenotyping. Purified cells were treated with resistin and proliferation was monitored by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Cell Cycle experiments. Gene expressions of pluripotent markers, inflammatory mediators, and lipogenic genes were scrutinized. Insulin sensitivity was examined by western blot and glucose uptake assay. Further, consequences of resistin on differentiation potentials of hADSC were examined by temporal expressions of phospho (p)SMAD1/5/8 protein complex, non-phosphorylated beta (β) catenin, and their dependent adipogenic transcription factors (ATF) and osteogenic transcription factors (OTF). MTT and cell cycle analysis revealed that resistin hampered proliferation of hADSC. Expressions of inflammatory markers and lipogenic genes were elevated. Resistin impaired insulin sensitivity and thus embarked insulin resistance in hADSC. Resistin increased adipogenesis and osteogenesis by altering expressions of activated pSMAD1/5/8 complex, activated β catenin, ATF and OTF temporally. Downregulation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP)α and adiponectin in adipocytes and Sirtuin (SIRT)1 in osteocytes denote that resistin induces immaturity and insulin resistance in adipocytes and osteocytes. This is the first study which, reports that resistin mitigates the stemness of hADSC by reducing proliferation, inducing insulin resistance, and hampering maturation of adipocyte and osteocyte which could lead to metabolic disorders.

中文翻译:

抵抗素通过胰岛素抵抗减轻人脂肪来源的间充质干细胞的干性和代谢特征

在肥胖期间,脂肪组织大量分泌促炎性脂肪因子,如肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNFα)、抵抗素、瘦素等,但减少了抗炎性脂肪因子,如脂联素、白细胞介素 (IL)-10 和 IL-4。在我们最近的临床研究中,观察到代谢性肥胖印度人的脂肪组织中基因表达和抵抗素储存水平均升高。抵抗素显着增加肥胖,减轻脂质代谢,并导致外周胰岛素抵抗。它失调人类脂肪细胞的新陈代谢,但它对人类脂肪来源的间充质干细胞 (hADSC) 的影响却很少被探索。因此,本研究旨在探讨抵抗素对 hADSC 干性和代谢谱的影响。hADSC 是从健康个体中分离出来的,然后进行免疫表型分析。用抵抗素处理纯化的细胞,并通过 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基溴化四唑 (MTT) 和细胞周期实验监测增殖。仔细检查了多能标志物、炎症介质和脂肪生成基因的基因表达。通过蛋白质印迹和葡萄糖摄取测定检查胰岛素敏感性。此外,通过磷酸 (p)SMAD1/5/8 蛋白复合物、非磷酸化 β (β) 连环蛋白及其依赖的脂肪生成转录因子 (ATF) 和成骨转录因子的时间表达来检查抵抗素对 hADSC 分化潜能的影响(OTF)。MTT和细胞周期分析显示抵抗素阻碍hADSC的增殖。炎症标志物和脂肪生成基因的表达升高。抵抗素损害了胰岛素敏感性,因此在 hADSC 中出现了胰岛素抵抗。抵抗素通过暂时改变活化的 pSMAD1/5/8 复合物、活化的 β 连环蛋白、ATF 和 OTF 的表达来增加脂肪生成和成骨。脂肪细胞中 CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白 (C/EBP)α 和脂联素和骨细胞中的去乙酰化酶 (SIRT)1 的下调表明抵抗素诱导脂肪细胞和骨细胞中的不成熟和胰岛素抵抗。这是第一项研究,报告称抵抗素通过减少增殖、诱导胰岛素抵抗和阻碍可能导致代谢紊乱的脂肪细胞和骨细胞的成熟来减轻 hADSC 的干性。脂肪细胞中 CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白 (C/EBP)α 和脂联素和骨细胞中的去乙酰化酶 (SIRT)1 的下调表明抵抗素诱导脂肪细胞和骨细胞中的不成熟和胰岛素抵抗。这是第一项研究,报告称抵抗素通过减少增殖、诱导胰岛素抵抗和阻碍可能导致代谢紊乱的脂肪细胞和骨细胞的成熟来减轻 hADSC 的干性。脂肪细胞中 CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白 (C/EBP)α 和脂联素和骨细胞中的去乙酰化酶 (SIRT)1 的下调表明抵抗素诱导脂肪细胞和骨细胞中的不成熟和胰岛素抵抗。这是第一项研究,报告称抵抗素通过减少增殖、诱导胰岛素抵抗和阻碍可能导致代谢紊乱的脂肪细胞和骨细胞的成熟来减轻 hADSC 的干性。
更新日期:2021-02-01
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