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One year update on the COVID-19 pandemic: Where are we now?
Acta Tropica ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105778
Sanjay Kumar Mishra 1 , Timir Tripathi 2
Affiliation  

We are living through an unprecedented crisis with the rapid spread of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) worldwide within a short time. The timely availability of thousands of SARS-CoV-2 genomes has enabled the scientific community to study the origin, structures, and pathogenesis of the virus. The pandemic has spurred research publication and resulted in an unprecedented number of therapeutic proposals. Because the development of new drugs is time consuming, several strategies, including drug repurposing and repositioning, are being tested to treat patients with COVID-19. Researchers have developed several potential vaccine candidates that have shown promise in phase II and III trials. As of 12 November 2020, 164 candidate vaccines are in preclinical evaluation, and 48 vaccines are in clinical evaluation, of which four have cleared phase III trials (Pfizer/BioNTech's BNT162b2, Moderna's mRNA-1273, University of Oxford & AstraZeneca's AZD1222, and Gamaleya's Sputnik V vaccine). Despite the acquisition of a vast body of scientific information, treatment depends only on the clinical management of the disease through supportive care. At the pandemic's 1-year mark, we summarize current information on SARS-CoV-2 origin and biology, and advances in the development of therapeutics. The updated information presented here provides a comprehensive report on the scientific progress made in the past year in understanding of SARS-CoV-2 biology and therapeutics.



中文翻译:

COVID-19 大流行的一年更新:我们现在在哪里?

随着新型冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 在短时间内在全球范围内迅速蔓延,我们正在经历一场前所未有的危机。数千个 SARS-CoV-2 基因组的及时可用性使科学界能够研究该病毒的起源、结构和发病机制。大流行刺激了研究发表,并产生了数量空前的治疗方案。由于新药的开发非常耗时,因此正在测试包括药物再利用和重新定位在内的几种策略来治疗 COVID-19 患者。研究人员已经开发出几种潜在的候选疫苗,这些候选疫苗在 II 期和 III 期试验中显示出了希望。截至2020年11月12日,164个候选疫苗处于临床前评价阶段,48个疫苗处于临床评价阶段,其中四个已通过 III 期试验(辉瑞/BioNTech 的 BNT162b2、Moderna 的 mRNA-1273、牛津大学和阿斯利康的 AZD1222 以及 Gamaleya 的 Sputnik V 疫苗)。尽管获得了大量科学信息,但治疗仅取决于通过支持性护理对疾病进行临床管理。在大流行 1 年之际,我们总结了有关 SARS-CoV-2 起源和生物学的当前信息,以及治疗学发展的进展。此处提供的更新信息全面报告了过去一年在了解 SARS-CoV-2 生物学和治疗学方面取得的科学进展。尽管获得了大量科学信息,但治疗仅取决于通过支持性护理对疾病进行临床管理。在大流行 1 年之际,我们总结了有关 SARS-CoV-2 起源和生物学的当前信息,以及治疗学发展的进展。此处提供的更新信息全面报告了过去一年在了解 SARS-CoV-2 生物学和治疗学方面取得的科学进展。尽管获得了大量科学信息,但治疗仅取决于通过支持性护理对疾病进行临床管理。在大流行 1 年之际,我们总结了有关 SARS-CoV-2 起源和生物学的当前信息,以及治疗学发展的进展。此处提供的更新信息全面报告了过去一年在了解 SARS-CoV-2 生物学和治疗学方面取得的科学进展。

更新日期:2020-12-08
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