The present study aimed to investigate the possible antiproliferative effects of the plant extracts of Artemisia cina on lung cancer, and whether the nanoencapsulation of the plant extracts in the form of nanoemulsion would potentiate their therapeutic efficacy. Soxhlet extraction of the freshly collected shade-dried plant using n-hexane and methanol was performed, and the two extracts were loaded within nanoemulsion using the water dilution method. The nanoemulsion was characterized for its particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity, physicochemical stability under refrigeration conditions, and was morphologically visualized using transmission electron microscopy. The antiproliferative activity of the extracts and their nanoforms was tested in A549 lung cancer cell lines using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results revealed the successful preparation of the plant extract-loaded nanoemulsions with suitable particle size from 15-16 nm, a homogenous dispersion with polydispersity index (PDI) ranging from 0.23-0.31, and neutral surface charge. The nanoemulsions displayed insignificant changes in their physicochemical properties after storage for 3 months, and their spherical morphology was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. Both n-hexane and methanol extracts di splayed antiproliferative activity against A549 cells, with IC50 values of 35.96 ± 1.7 and 41.6 ± 2.8 μg/ml, respectively. On the other hand, their respective nanoparticulated forms displayed superior antiproliferative activity, with IC50 values of 12.59 ± 0.7 and 5.6 ± 0.4 μg/ml, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that nanoencapsulation of plant extracts would significantly potentiate their antiproliferative activity, which paves the way towards a more effective anticancer therapy.

中文翻译：

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不同青蒿提取物及其纳米颗粒形式对 A549 肺癌细胞系疗效的比较研究

本研究旨在研究青蒿植物提取物对肺癌可能的抗增殖作用，以及以纳米乳剂形式对植物提取物进行纳米封装是否会增强其治疗效果。使用正己烷和甲醇对新鲜收集的遮荫干燥植物进行索氏提取，并使用水稀释法将两种提取物装入纳米乳液中。纳米乳液的特征在于其粒径、zeta 电位、多分散性、冷藏条件下的物理化学稳定性，并使用透射电子显微镜进行形态可视化。使用 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2 在 A549 肺癌细胞系中测试提取物及其纳米形式的抗增殖活性，5-二苯基溴化四唑 (MTT) 测定。结果表明，成功制备了负载植物提取物的纳米乳液，其粒径范围为 15-16 nm，多分散指数 (PDI) 范围为 0.23-0.31，表面电荷为中性。纳米乳剂在储存 3 个月后其理化性质没有显着变化，并且使用透射电子显微镜证实了它们的球形形态。正己烷和甲醇提取物均显示出对 A549 细胞的抗增殖活性，IC50 值分别为 35.96 ± 1.7 和 41.6 ± 2.8 μg/ml。另一方面，它们各自的纳米颗粒形式显示出优异的抗增殖活性，IC50 值分别为 12.59 ± 0.7 和 5.6 ± 0.4 μg/ml。所以，