This study was performed to evaluate vine performance, physiological disorders of the berries, and disease of two grape (Vitis labrusca) cultivars, ‘Campbell Early’ and ‘Jinok’, in response to climate changes in private vineyards of two different latitudes, the Naju region (35°N) and the Okcheon (36°N) region, between the years 2016 and 2018. The climates from April to August or during the period of berry ripening (July and August in 2016–2018 in the Naju region was warmer than that of the 10-years average, causing approximately a 10-day longer duration of leafing to harvesting than during 2011 and 2012 for ‘Campbell Early’ vines. Total shoot length was the highest for both grape cultivars grown in Naju vineyard, when temperatures ranged between 20 and 25 °C from April to June, resulting in increased yield of ‘Campbell Early’ vines. Severe cracking of up to 59.1% of ‘Campbell Early’ berries occurred in the vineyard in Okcheon in 2017 when a high amount of precipitation occurred during the period of ripening. Also, an incidence of berry blight occurred on up to 30.6% of berries in ‘Campbell Early’ vines in the vineyard in Naju in 2018, which was subjected to a mean daily maximum temperature of 33.6 °C. Mean daily maximum temperature and number of heatwave days during the ripening period were positively related to the occurrence of berry cracking over the three years of this study, with a significant correlation observed between precipitation and mean temperature and berry blight. Downy mildew and powdery mildew occurred on both grape cultivars in the vineyard in Naju over the three years, with severe leaf spot observed on both cultivars in the region.

中文翻译：

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受不同气候条件影响的两个地区'Campbell Early'和'Jinok'葡萄树的生态生理响应

2017 年，玉川的葡萄园发生了高达 59.1% 的“金宝早”浆果严重开裂，当时在成熟期间出现了大量降水。此外，2018 年罗州葡萄园的“Campbell Early”葡萄藤中，高达 30.6% 的浆果发生了浆果枯萎病，该葡萄园的日平均最高温度为 33.6 °C。成熟期的日平均最高温度和热浪天数与本研究三年中浆果开裂的发生呈正相关，在降水量与平均温度和浆果枯萎病之间观察到显着相关性。三年来，罗州葡萄园的两个葡萄品种都发生了霜霉病和白粉病，该地区的两个品种都出现了严重的叶斑病。2017 年，1% 的“金宝早”浆果发生在玉川的葡萄园，当时在成熟期间出现了大量降水。此外，2018 年罗州葡萄园的“Campbell Early”葡萄藤中，高达 30.6% 的浆果发生了浆果枯萎病，该葡萄园的日平均最高温度为 33.6 °C。成熟期的日平均最高温度和热浪天数与本研究三年中浆果开裂的发生呈正相关，在降水量与平均温度和浆果枯萎病之间观察到显着相关性。三年来，罗州葡萄园的两个葡萄品种都发生了霜霉病和白粉病，该地区的两个品种都出现了严重的叶斑病。2017 年，1% 的“金宝早”浆果发生在玉川的葡萄园，当时在成熟期间出现了大量降水。此外，2018 年罗州葡萄园的“Campbell Early”葡萄藤中，高达 30.6% 的浆果发生了浆果枯萎病，该葡萄园的日平均最高温度为 33.6 °C。成熟期的日平均最高温度和热浪天数与本研究三年中浆果开裂的发生呈正相关，在降水量与平均温度和浆果枯萎病之间观察到显着相关性。三年来，罗州葡萄园的两个葡萄品种都发生了霜霉病和白粉病，该地区的两个品种都出现了严重的叶斑病。