Bactrocera bryoniae is a polyphagous and economically significant fruit fly found in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Australia. To understand chemical-mediated sexual communication, and the potential for novel pheromone-based attractants for monitoring and mass-trapping of B. bryoniae, rectal gland exudates and emissions from sexually mature males and females were investigated. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that male rectal glands contained six compounds, of which 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane elicited electroantennographic (EAD) and electropalpographic (EPD) responses in both sexes, ethyl 3-acetoxybutanoate elicited EPD responses in both sexes, N-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide elicited EAD response from males and 4-hydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane elicited EAD responses in males and females and EPD responses in females. Female rectal glands contained 23 compounds with the esters ethyl laurate and ethyl myristate as major components. Amongst the female rectal gland constituents, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate and ethyl palmitate elicited EAD responses in males and females, N-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide elicited EAD responses in males only, (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane elicited EAD responses in males and EPD responses in females, and 2,7-dimethyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane, (E,E)-2-ethyl-7-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane, (E,E)-2-ethyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, (Z,Z)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, (E,E)-2-propyl-8-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane and ethyl caprate elicited EPD responses in females only. Y-tube bioassays indicated that male rectal gland extracts and headspace volatiles attracted females and males, while female rectal gland extracts and headspace volatiles only attracted males. The results suggest that ethyl 3-acetoxybutanoate, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane and 4-hydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane may be components of male-produced sex pheromone in B. bryoniae while (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, N-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate and ethyl palmitate may be components of female-produced sex pheromone. Ethyl 3-acetoxybutanoate, N-(3-methylbutyl) acetamide, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane and 4-hydroxy-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane may be components of male aggregation pheromone. These findings contribute to the understanding of pheromone communication in B. bryoniae and provide a foundation for developing pheromone-based monitoring and control methods.

Bactrocera bryoniae是在印度尼西亚，巴布亚新几内亚和澳大利亚发现的多食性和具有经济意义的果蝇。为了了解化学介导的性交流，并研究了基于信息素的新型引诱剂在监测和大量捕获B. Bryoniae，直肠腺分泌液和性成熟男性和女性的排放中的潜力。气相色谱-质谱分析表明，雄性直肠腺中含有六种化合物，其中1,7-二氧杂螺[5,5]十一烷在男女中引起电性肛门造影（EAD）和电照相（EPD）反应，而3-乙酰氧基丁酸乙酯在两种情况下引起EPD反应。男女，N-（3-甲基丁基）乙酰胺引起雄性的EAD反应，而4-羟基-1,7-二氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷引起雄性和雌性的EAD反应以及雌性的EPD反应。雌性直肠腺体含有23种化合物，其中月桂酸乙酯和肉豆蔻酸乙酯为主要成分。在雌性直肠腺成分中，月桂酸乙酯，肉豆蔻酸乙酯和棕榈酸乙酯引起雄性和雌性的EAD应答，N-（3-甲基丁基）乙酰胺仅引起雄性的EAD应答，（E，E）-2,8-二甲基- 1,7-二氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷引起男性的EAD反应，女性引起EPD反应，而2,7-二甲基-1,6-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷，（E，E）-2-乙基-7-甲基-1,6-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷，（E，E）-2-乙基-8-甲基-1,7-二氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷，（Z，Z）-2,8-二甲基-1,7-二氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷，（E，E）- 2-丙基-8-甲基-1,7-二氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷和癸酸乙酯仅在女性中引起EPD反应。Y型管生物测定法表明，雄性直肠腺提取物和顶空挥发物吸引雌性和雄性，而雌性直肠腺提取物和顶空挥发物仅吸引雄性。结果表明，3- acetoxybutanoate，1,7-二氧杂螺[5,5]十一烷和4-羟基-1,7-二氧杂螺在男性产生性信息素的[5.5]十一烷可以是组件B.枯病菌而（Ë，E）-2，8-二甲基-1，7-二氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷，N-（3-甲基丁基）乙酰胺，月桂酸乙酯，肉豆蔻酸乙酯和棕榈酸乙酯可能是女性生产的性信息素的成分。3-乙酰氧基丁酸乙酯，N-（3-甲基丁基）乙酰胺，1,7-二氧杂螺[5,5]十一烷和4-羟基-1,7-二氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷可能是男性聚集信息素的成分。这些发现有助于理解B. Bryoniae中的信息素通讯，并为开发基于信息素的监测和控制方法提供了基础。