Background Water erosion, upland degradation and deforestation are key environmental problems in the Meki river watershed. The study assessed the land use land cover change (LULCC) for 30 years and it examined the contribution of indigenous Enset-based land use system (EBLUS) to reduce soil erosion and prevent water bodies including Lake Ziway from sedimentation which was not considered in the former studies. GPS based data collected and satellite based LULC analysis using ERDAS Imagine 2014 performed to investigate existing farm management practices and land cover respectively. HEC-GEOHMS, Geo-statistical interpolation and RUSLE were applied to model watershed characteristics, spatial climate parameters and soil loss respectively. Result Meki river watershed (2110.4 km 2 of area) is dominantly covered by cultivated LUS (41.5%), EBLUS (10.65%), Bush and Chat LUS (25.6%), Forest and plantations LUS (14.14%), built-up (7.4%) and water bodies (0.75%). Soil loss is increasing from 1987 to 2017 and a larger part of the watershed suffers a moderately severe to very severe risk (18 t ha −1 year −1 to > 80 t ha −1 year −1 ) in all sub-watersheds irrespective of the land use systems which shows the watershed is facing sever degradation problem. The mean soil loss of 30.5 t ha −1 year −1 3 and 31.905 t ha −1 year −1 are verified from Enset growing zones and non-Enset growing zones of the watershed respectively. Conclusion EBLUS saves significant amount of soil despite the steepness of the slopes of the Enset growing zones of the watershed. Hence, expansion of EBLUS can contribute in sustaining water bodies, including Lake Ziway by reducing soil loss rate and sedimentation problem for the ecological sustainability of the watershed. Therefore, separate land use policy and awareness creation are mandatory for such EBLUS expansion, sustainable watershed management interventions and conservation of the natural environment in the watershed based on its suitability and severity of erosion risk mapping.

中文翻译：

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基于Enset的土地利用土地覆盖变化检测及其对埃塞俄比亚中央裂谷西兹韦湖子流域Meki河流域水土流失的影响

背景水侵蚀、高地退化和森林砍伐是 Meki 河流域的主要环境问题。该研究评估了 30 年的土地利用土地覆盖变化 (LULCC)，并检查了基于 Enset 的土著土地利用系统 (EBLUS) 对减少土壤侵蚀和防止包括 Ziway 湖在内的水体沉积的贡献，这在以前的研究。使用 ERDAS Imagine 2014 收集的基于 GPS 的数据和基于卫星的 LULC 分析分别用于调查现有的农场管理实践和土地覆盖。HEC-GEOHMS、地统计插值和RUSLE分别用于模拟流域特征、空间气候参数和土壤流失。结果 Meki 河流域（面积 2110.4 km 2）主要被栽培 LUS (41.5%)、EBLUS (10.65%)、Bush and Chat LUS (25.6%)、森林和种植园 LUS (14.14%)、建成区 (7.4%) 和水体 (0.75%)。从 1987 年到 2017 年，土壤流失量在增加，并且所有子流域的大部分流域都遭受中度到非常严重的风险（18 t ha -1 年 -1 到 > 80 t ha -1 年 -1 ）土地利用系统显示流域正面临严重的退化问题。从流域的Enset种植区和非Enset种植区分别验证了30.5 t ha -1 year -1 3 和31.905 t ha -1 year -1 的平均土壤流失。结论 尽管流域 Enset 生长区的斜坡很陡，但 EBLUS 节省了大量土壤。因此，EBLUS 的扩张有助于维持水体，包括 Ziway 湖，通过减少水土流失率和沉积问题来实现流域的生态可持续性。因此，根据侵蚀风险图的适宜性和严重性，针对此类 EBLUS 扩展、可持续流域管理干预和流域自然环境保护，必须制定单独的土地使用政策和意识培养。