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C–H functionalization reactions enabled by hydrogen atom transfer to carbon-centered radicals
Chemical Science ( IF 7.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 , DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04881j
Sumon Sarkar 1 , Kelvin Pak Shing Cheung 1 , Vladimir Gevorgyan 1
Affiliation  

Selective functionalization of ubiquitous unactivated C–H bonds is a continuous quest for synthetic organic chemists. In addition to transition metal catalysis, which typically operates under a two-electron manifold, a recent renaissance in the radical approach relying on the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process has led to tremendous growth in the area. Despite several challenges, protocols proceeding via HAT are highly sought after as they allow for relatively easy activation of inert C–H bonds under mild conditions leading to a broader scope and higher functional group tolerance and sometimes complementary reactivity over methods relying on traditional transition metal catalysis. A number of methods operating via heteroatom-based HAT have been extensively reported over the past few years, while methods employing more challenging carbon analogues have been less explored. Recent developments of mild methodologies for generation of various carbon-centered radical species enabled their utilization in the HAT process, which, in turn, led to the development of remote C(sp3)–H functionalization reactions of alcohols, amines, amides and related compounds. This review covers mostly recent advances in C–H functionalization reactions involving the HAT step to carbon-centered radicals.

中文翻译:


通过氢原子转移到碳中心自由基实现的 C-H 官能化反应



普遍存在的未活化C-H键的选择性功能化是合成有机化学家不断探索的课题。除了通常在双电子流形下运行的过渡金属催化之外,最近依赖氢原子转移(HAT)过程的激进方法的复兴也导致了该领域的巨大发展。尽管存在一些挑战,但通过HAT 进行的方案仍受到高度追捧,因为它们允许在温和条件下相对容易地激活惰性 C-H 键,从而导致更广泛的范围和更高的官能团耐受性,有时比依赖传统过渡金属催化的方法具有补充反应性。在过去几年中,许多通过基于杂原子的 HAT 操作的方法已被广泛报道,而采用更具挑战性的碳类似物的方法却很少被探索。最近开发的用于生成各种以碳为中心的自由基物种的温和方法使其能够在 HAT 过程中使用,这反过来又导致了醇、胺、酰胺和相关化合物的远程 C(sp 3 )–H 官能化反应的发展化合物。这篇综述主要涵盖了 C-H 官能化反应的最新进展,涉及到以碳为中心的自由基的 HAT 步骤。
更新日期:2020-11-27
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