The field related to mood disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is fragmented. The aim of this cohort observational study was to evaluate whether the episodes of mood alteration could appear in different disease stages and to verify how nonmotor symptoms were led off into different stages. We enrolled 93 PD outpatients (three groups: drug naive—DN; not exhibiting motor fluctuations—n-MF; and exhibiting motor fluctuations—MF) and 50 healthy controls. Mood state was assessed through the Internal State Scale (ISS) while depressive symptoms were evaluated through the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), nonmotor symptoms by means of the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS), and the presence of impulse control disorders (ICDs) with the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease (QUIP). Clinical and pharmacological data have also been recorded. No significant differences in mood state distribution between groups were observed. Nevertheless, as regards the mood state distribution within groups, in n-MF (47.6%) and MF patients (50%), (hypo)mania presence was significantly higher than other symptoms. In DN patients, hypomania showed a prevalence of 38.1% although it was not significant. At least one ICD was reported in 29.3% of n-MF and 50% of MF patients. In the MF group, a moderate positive correlation between ISS ACTivation subscale scores and the presence of ICDs and compulsive medication use emerged. Finally, MF patients reported higher BDI-II total scores than DN. Our results show that mood alterations in PD, considering both depressive symptoms and mood elevation, are related to the advanced stages of the disease as well as the presence of ICDs, and dopaminergic therapy would not always be able to restore a normal mood condition.

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轻躁狂、抑郁、情绪愉悦：帕金森病的新证据

与帕金森病 (PD) 中的情绪障碍相关的领域是零散的。本队列观察性研究的目的是评估情绪改变的发作是否会出现在不同的疾病阶段，并验证非运动症状是如何进入不同阶段的。我们招募了 93 名 PD 门诊患者（三组：未服用药物 - DN；未表现出运动波动 - n-MF；表现出运动波动 - MF）和 50 名健康对照。通过内部状态量表 (ISS) 评估情绪状态，通过贝克抑郁量表-II (BDI-II) 评估抑郁症状，通过非运动症状量表 (NMSS) 评估非运动症状，以及冲动的存在控制障碍 (ICD) 与帕金森病冲动性强迫症问卷 (QUIP)。还记录了临床和药理学数据。没有观察到组间情绪状态分布的显着差异。然而，关于组内的情绪状态分布，在n-MF（47.6%）和MF患者（50%）中，（轻）躁狂的存在显着高于其他症状。在 DN 患者中，轻躁狂的患病率为 38.1%，但并不显着。在 29.3% 的 n-MF 和 50% 的 MF 患者中报告了至少 1 个 ICD。在 MF 组中，ISS ACTivation 分量表评分与 ICD 的存在和强迫性药物使用之间出现中度正相关。最后，MF 患者报告的 BDI-II 总分高于 DN。我们的结果表明，考虑到抑郁症状和情绪升高，PD 的情绪变化，