The aim of this study was to examine the influence of shoot age on biological and chemical properties of 11 red currant cultivars (‘Jonkheer van Tets’, ‘Junifer’, ‘London Market’, ‘Makosta’, ‘Mirana’, ‘Redpoll’, ‘Rolan’, ‘Rondom’, ‘Rovada’, ‘Slovakia’ and ‘Stanza’) with different origins and ripening times. Phenological observations and pomological characteristics were studied and chemical analysis was conducted from 2013 to 2018 at experimental fields near Belgrade, Serbia. The total contents of phenols and anthocyanin were estimated spectrophotometrically, while quantitative analysis of anthocyanin aglycones was done using high-performance liquid chromatography. Three-year-old shoots had an earlier start of all examined phenological stages, better generative potential, higher yields, as well as higher total phenol and vitamin C contents in the fruits, compared with 2-year-old shoots, for all cultivars. The contents of total anthocyanins were higher in berries on younger shoots of early-ripening cultivars, while late-ripening cultivars had higher contents of total soluble solids and cyanidin in the berries on 3-year-old shoots. Principal component analysis demonstrated that the most important variables that distinguished 2-year-old shoots from 3-year-old shoots were those related to phenological data, cluster traits, total acids and yields. According to the obtained results, ‘Junifer’ (with the highest number of clusters), ‘Mirana’ (with the highest sugar content and sugar/acid ratio), ‘Redpoll’ (with the highest physical traits of cluster and berry), ‘Slovakia’ (with the highest yield and yield efficiency) and ‘Rovada’ (with the highest level of secondary metabolites) are recommended as the most promising cultivars for growing in the temperate region of Serbia.

中文翻译：

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芽龄对红浆果品种理化性质的影响

这项研究的目的是研究芽龄对11种红醋栗品种（'Jonkheer van Tets'，'Junifer'，'London Market'，'Makosta'，'Mirana'，'Redpoll' ，“ Rolan”，“ Rondom”，“ Rovada”，“ Slovakia”和“ Stanza”）具有不同的起源和成熟时间。2013年至2018年，在塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德附近的实验田研究了物候观测和物候特征，并进行了化学分析。用分光光度法估算酚和花色苷的总含量，同时使用高效液相色谱法进行花色苷苷元的定量分析。三岁大的芽在所有物候阶段均开始得较早，产生潜力更高，产量更高，与2岁新芽相比，所有品种的果实中总酚和维生素C含量更高。在早熟品种的幼芽中，浆果中总花色苷的含量较高，而在3岁幼芽中，晚熟品种中的浆果中总可溶性固形物和花色素的含量较高。主成分分析表明，区分2年生芽和3年生芽的最重要变量是与物候数据，簇特征，总酸和产量相关的变量。根据获得的结果，“杜松”（簇数最多），“米拉纳”（糖含量和糖/酸比最高），“红球”（簇和浆果的物理特性最高），