English walnut (Juglans regia) is an important nut crop worldwide and is currently considered emerging in Italy. Botryosphaeriaceae fungi cause symptoms including cankers, discoloration and dieback, and several species are reported across the world on walnut. In this study, symptomatic trees from an orchard in Southern Italy showing branch dieback, cankers, wood discoloration and gummosis were surveyed. Three different fungi from the Botryosphaeriaceae were consistently isolated from symptomatic tissues. Representative isolates were characterized using morphological and molecular approaches based on conidial morphology, optimum growth temperature and the comparison of DNA sequence data from the ITS, tef1‐α and tub2 loci. Three species were identified: Botryosphaeria dothidea, Neofusicoccum mediterraneum and Neofusicoccum parvum. Pathogenicity tests on detached fruits and potted plants showed that all three species were pathogenic. To our knowledge, this is the first report of these Botryosphaeriaceae species causing canker and dieback on English walnut in Italy.

中文翻译：

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引起意大利核桃（Juglans regia）溃疡和枯死的葡萄孢菌种

英式核桃（胡桃木）是全世界重要的坚果作物，目前被认为是在意大利新兴的。灰霉菌真菌引起的症状包括溃疡，变色和枯死，并且世界上有几种核桃属物种被报道。在这项研究中，调查了意大利南部果园有症状的树木，显示其树枝枯萎，溃疡，木材变色和口臭。从有症状的组织中不断分离出三种来自灰霉菌的真菌。使用分生孢子形态，最佳生长温度以及ITS，tef1-α和tub2位点的DNA序列数据进行比较，使用形态学和分子方法对代表性分离株进行了表征。确定了三种：杨树dothidea侵染，Neofusicoccum Mediterraneum酒店和Neofusicoccum孢子虫。对分离的果实和盆栽植物的致病性测试表明，这三个物种均具有致病性。据我们所知，这是这些葡萄孢菌科物种在意大利引起英国核桃核桃溃疡和枯死的首次报道。