In orderto reduce the negative consequences of raw-material extraction, it is necessary to accurately report raw-material use and to understand its drivers in society. In this study, we conduct a multi-regional environmentally extended input–output analysis of Germany's past raw-material use. We then perform a two-stage structural decomposition analysis (SDA) of the development of material use in order to identify the main drivers. Although input-based indicators of Germany's raw-material use, which also include the material footprint of exports, show slight upward trends between 1995 and 2011, consumption-based indicators have remained relatively steady in that time frame. On the one hand, this suggests a relative decoupling of Germany's domestic consumption from material use. On the other hand, exports, which contribute significantly to Germany's value-added creation, have driven up input-based indicators. The first stage of the SDA reveals that the material intensity of raw-material provision would have by itself decreased Germany's raw-material consumption (RMC), whereas changes in the structure of the global economy and in Germany's final demand would have increased it. The second stage of the decomposition reveals that the positive contributions to Germany's RMC are in large part due to shifts toward internationally sourced intermediate and final goods and an overall increase in the level of final demand in Germany.

中文翻译：

---

德国原材料使用的发展和结构驱动因素分析

为了减少原材料提取的负面影响，有必要准确报告原材料使用情况并了解其在社会中的驱动因素。在本研究中，我们对德国过去的原材料使用情况进行了多区域环境扩展的投入产出分析。然后，我们对材料使用的发展进行两阶段结构分解分析 (SDA)，以确定主要驱动因素。尽管德国原材料使用的基于投入的指标（也包括出口的材料足迹）在 1995 年至 2011 年间呈现出轻微的上升趋势，但基于消费的指标在此期间保持相对稳定。一方面，这表明德国国内消费与材料使用相对脱钩。另一方面，出口，这对德国的附加值创造做出了重大贡献，推动了基于投入的指标。SDA 的第一阶段表明，原材料供应的物质强度本身会降低德国的原材料消费（RMC），而全球经济结构和德国最终需求的变化会增加它。分解的第二阶段显示，对德国 RMC 的积极贡献在很大程度上是由于转向国际采购的中间产品和最终产品以及德国最终需求水平的整体增长。s 原材料消耗 (RMC)，而全球经济结构和德国最终需求的变化会增加它。分解的第二阶段显示，对德国 RMC 的积极贡献在很大程度上是由于转向国际采购的中间产品和最终产品以及德国最终需求水平的整体增长。s 原材料消耗 (RMC)，而全球经济结构和德国最终需求的变化会增加它。分解的第二阶段显示，对德国 RMC 的积极贡献在很大程度上是由于转向国际采购的中间产品和最终产品以及德国最终需求水平的整体增长。