The ability of a single Ca²⁺ ion to play an important role in cell biology is highlighted by the need for cells to form Ca²⁺ signals in the dimensions of space, time, and amplitude. Thus, spatial and temporal changes in intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration are important for determining cell fate. Optogenetic technology has been developed to provide more precise and targeted stimulation of cells. Here, U2OS cells overexpressing Ca²⁺ translocating channelrhodopsin (CatCh) were used to mediate Ca²⁺ influx through blue light illumination with various parameters, such as intensity, frequency, duty cycle, and duration. We identified that several Ca²⁺‐dependent transcription factors and certain kinases can be activated by specific Ca²⁺ waves. Using a wound‐healing assay, we found that low‐frequency Ca²⁺ oscillations increased cell migration through the activation of NF‐κB. This study explores the regulation of cell migration by Ca²⁺ signals. Thus, we can choose optical parameters to modulate Ca²⁺ waves and achieve activation of specific signaling pathways. This novel methodology can be applied to clarify related cell‐signaling mechanisms in the future.

中文翻译：

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通过光遗传工程 Ca2+ 振荡揭示 Ca2+ 调节的细胞迁移

单个 Ca ²⁺离子在细胞生物学中发挥重要作用的能力通过细胞在空间、时间和幅度维度上形成 Ca ²⁺信号的需要而突出。因此，细胞内 Ca ²⁺浓度的空间和时间变化对于决定细胞命运很重要。已开发出光遗传学技术以提供更精确和有针对性的细胞刺激。在这里，使用过表达 Ca ²⁺易位视紫红质 (CatCh) 的U2OS 细胞通过具有各种参数（例如强度、频率、占空比和持续时间）的蓝光照明来介导 Ca ²⁺流入。我们确定了几种 Ca ²⁺依赖的转录因子和某些激酶可以被特定的 Ca ²⁺波激活。使用伤口愈合试验，我们发现低频 Ca ²⁺振荡通过激活 NF-κB 增加细胞迁移。本研究探讨了 Ca ²⁺信号对细胞迁移的调节。因此，我们可以选择光学参数来调节 Ca ²⁺波并实现特定信号通路的激活。这种新方法可用于阐明未来相关的细胞信号机制。