The increasing alienation of people from nature is profoundly concerning because people's interactions with nature affect well-being, affinity for nature, and support of biodiversity conservation. Efforts to restore or enhance people's interactions with nature are, therefore, important to ensure sustainable human and wildlife communities, but little is known about how this can be achieved. A key factor that shapes the way people interact with nature is their affinity for nature (often measured as nature relatedness [NR]). We explored how using cues to experience nature as a means to induce NR situationally can influence the quality of people's nature interactions on visits to green spaces and their positive affect after the visit. Cues to experience are cues that guide individuals on how to interact with nature. We surveyed 1023 visitors to a nature reserve to examine the relationships between trait (i.e., stable and long-lasting) and state (i.e., temporary, brief) NR, the quality of nature interactions, and positive affect. We also conducted a controlled experiment in which 303 participants spent 30 min outdoors on campus and reported the quality of their nature interactions and positive affect. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 9 cues-to-experience experimental groups (e.g., smell flowers, observe wildlife, turn off your phone) that differed in the psychological distance from nature that they prompted. Participants who received cues of close psychological distance from nature (e.g., smell and touch natural elements) interacted 3 to 4 times more with nature and reported 0.2 more positive affect than other participants. Our results demonstrate that providing cues to experience nature, which bring people closer to nature and potentially induce state NR, can enhance the quality of people's nature interactions and their positive affect. These results highlight the role of NR in high-quality nature interactions and suggest the use of cues to experience as a promising avenue for inducing state NR and promoting meaningful interactions with biodiversity, thus, reconciling conservation and well-being objectives.

中文翻译：

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为绿地游客促进有意义和积极的自然互动

人与自然的日益疏远令人深感担忧，因为人与自然的互动会影响福祉、对自然的亲和力以及对生物多样性保护的支持。因此，努力恢复或加强人们与自然的互动对于确保可持续的人类和野生动物社区非常重要，但人们对如何实现这一点知之甚少。塑造人们与自然互动方式的一个关键因素是他们对自然的亲和力（通常以自然相关性 [NR] 来衡量）。我们探索了使用线索体验自然作为在情境中诱导 NR 的手段如何影响人们访问绿色空间时的自然互动质量及其访问后的积极影响。体验线索是指导个人如何与自然互动的线索。我们对自然保护区的 1023 名游客进行了调查，以检查特征（即稳定和持久）与状态（即临时、短暂）NR、自然互动的质量和积极影响之间的关系。我们还进行了一项对照实验，其中 303 名参与者在校园户外度过了 30 分钟，并报告了他们自然互动和积极影响的质量。参与者被随机分配到 9 个提示体验实验组（例如，闻花香、观察野生动物、关闭手机）中的 1 个，这些实验组在他们提示的与自然的心理距离方面有所不同。收到与自然近距离心理距离线索（例如，闻到和触摸自然元素）的参与者与自然的互动增加了 3 到 4 倍，并报告了比其他参与者多 0.2 倍的积极影响。我们的结果表明，提供体验自然的线索，使人们更接近自然并可能诱发状态 NR，可以提高人们与自然互动的质量及其积极影响。这些结果突出了自然保护区在高质量自然互动中的作用，并建议使用线索体验作为诱导国家自然保护区和促进与生物多样性有意义的互动的有希望的途径，从而协调保护和福祉目标。