For pretreatment-free SERS measurement of raw bile juice for the identification of gall bladder (GB) disease, a paper strip bridging Au nanodendrite-encaged nickel foam (PS-AuND@NF) was demonstrated. To build a medium for facile sample diffusion as well as SERS generation, Au nanodendrite (AuND) with a high SERS efficiency was constructed on the porous frame of the NF (AuND@NF). Then, the PS-AuND@NF was built by simply positioning AuND@NF on a paper strip, which functioned as a channel for sample introduction to AuND@NF and a subsequent sample drain. With the continuous elution of raw bile juice, non-specific adsorption of SERS-inactive constituents such as lipids on the Au surface could be minimized. Using the PS-AuND@NF, raw bile juice samples obtained from 6 GB polyp and 21 GB stone patients were measured. Since only a few components in bile juice are expected to be SERS-active such as bilirubin-containing metabolites, the information obtained from the SERS spectra is not descriptive enough for the discrimination of both GB diseases. Therefore, two-trace two-dimensional (2T2D) correlation analysis, which is able to effectively feature out asynchronous (dissimilar) spectral behaviors in the comparison of two spectra, was carried out in parallel. When the principal component (PC) scores obtained from the 2T2D slice spectra were used for the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), the discrimination accuracy improved to 88.9 % from 81.5 % obtained when using the PC scores of the raw spectra. Overall, the PS-AuND@NF enabled simple pretreatment-free SERS analysis of complex and viscous bile juice without interference from other existing components.

为了对未加工的胆汁进行SERS测量以鉴定胆囊疾病（GB），证明了一种纸条桥接Au纳米树突包裹的镍泡沫（PS-AuND @ NF）。为了构建用于样品扩散和SERS生成的介质，在NF的多孔框架（AuND @ NF）上构建了具有高SERS效率的Au纳米枝晶（AuND）。然后，只需将AuND @ NF放在纸条上即可构建PS-AuND @ NF，该纸条充当将样品引入AuND @ NF并随后排出样品的通道。随着未加工的胆汁的连续洗脱，可以最大程度地减少SERS惰性成分（如脂质）在Au表面的非特异性吸附。使用PS-AuND @ NF，测量了从6 GB息肉和21 GB结石患者中获得的未加工胆汁样品。由于胆汁中只有少数成分具有SERS活性，例如含有胆红素的代谢产物，因此从SERS光谱中获得的信息不足以描述两种GB疾病。因此，并行进行了两迹线二维（2T2D）相关分析，该分析能够有效地表征两个光谱的比较中的异步（不相似）光谱行为。当从2T2D切片光谱获得的主成分（PC）分数用于 并行执行了能够在比较两个光谱时有效地表现出异步（不相似）光谱行为的方法。当从2T2D切片光谱获得的主成分（PC）分数用于 并行执行了能够在比较两个光谱时有效地表现出异步（不相似）光谱行为的方法。当从2T2D切片光谱获得的主成分（PC）分数用于k近邻（k -NN），使用原始光谱的PC分数获得的辨别精度从81.5％提高到88.9％。总体而言，PS-AuND @ NF能够对复杂和粘稠的胆汁进行简单，无需预处理的SERS分析，而不会受到其他现有组件的干扰。