The residential sector's electricity consumption during peak hours is significant. Reducing it would be valuable in economic and environmental terms, particularly for isolated grids and ‘electricity islands'. While time-of-use (TOU) programs could help moderate this demand, in many countries such programs are voluntary, with low enrollment rates. An experimental survey design was used to test the impact of four framings of a residential TOU program on the stated willingness of 452 large Israeli households (four or more people) to enroll in a TOU program. Two of the framings emphasized the economic benefits of the program, and offered 25% and 50% off-peak discount rates. The other two framings highlighted environmental benefits and national energy independence (in addition to the discount). The impact of socio-demographic variables, demand flexibility, convenience, environmental awareness and interest in automation were also evaluated. While no framing effect was found, a hierarchical regression model (R² = 66%) revealed that the strongest predictor of interest in enrollment is the perception that the TOU program will contribute to the environment and to the county's energy independence, followed by the potential economic benefits to the household and flexibility of demand. None of the socio-demographic variables was a predictor. The results suggest that highlighting national benefits might be more effective than highlighting household benefits in fostering enrollment in TOU programs.

高峰时段住宅部门的用电量很大。减少排放量在经济和环境方面均具有重要价值，特别是对于孤立的电网和“电力岛”而言。使用时间（TOU）计划可以帮助缓解这种需求，但在许多国家，此类计划是自愿的，入学率较低。使用了一个实验性调查设计来测试住宅T​​OU计划的四个框架对452个以色列大型家庭（四个或更多人）加入TOU计划的意愿的影响。其中两个框架强调了该计划的经济利益，并提供了25％和50％的非高峰折扣率。其他两个框架突出了环境效益和国家能源独立性（除了折扣）。社会人口统计学变量的影响，还评估了需求的灵活性，便利性，环境意识和对自动化的兴趣。虽然没有发现框架效应，但是使用了层次回归模型（R ²  = 66％）表明，对入学兴趣的最强预测指标是人们认为TOU计划将有助于环境和县能源独立性，其次是对家庭的潜在经济利益和需求的灵活性。没有任何社会人口统计学变量是预测因素。结果表明，在鼓励加入TOU计划方面，强调国家利益可能比强调家庭利益更为有效。