Targeted therapy is an emerging treatment strategy for alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Inflammation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of ALD, and is a key choice for its targeted treatment, and anti-inflammatory treatment has been considered beneficial for liver disease. Surprisingly, immune checkpoint inhibitors have become important therapeutic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, studies have shown that the combination of inflammatory molecule inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors can exert better effects than either alone in mouse models of HCC. This review discusses the mechanism of hepatic ethanol metabolism and the conditions under which inflammation occurs. In addition, we focus on the potential molecular targets in inflammatory signalling pathways and summarize the potential targeted inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, providing a theoretical basis for the targeted treatment of ALD and the development of new combination therapy strategies for HCC.

靶向治疗是酒精性肝病（ALD）的新兴治疗策略。炎症在ALD的发生发展中起重要作用，是其靶向治疗的关键选择，而抗炎治疗一直被认为对肝病有益。令人惊讶的是，免疫检查点抑制剂已成为肝细胞癌 (HCC) 的重要治疗药物。此外，研究表明，在 HCC 小鼠模型中，炎症分子抑制剂和免疫检查点抑制剂的组合可以发挥比单独使用更好的效果。这篇综述讨论了肝脏乙醇代谢的机制和炎症发生的条件。此外，