The consecutive application of herbicide acetochlor has resulted in the widespread drug resistance of weeds and the high risks to environment and human health. To assess environmental behaviors and minimal dosage of acetochlor application in the realistic soil, we systematically investigated the acetochlor adsorption/desorption, mobility, leaching, degradation, weed bioavailability and lethal dosage of acetochlor in three soil types including Nanjing (NJ), Yancheng (YC) and Yingtan (YT). Under the same conditions (60% moisture and darkness), acetochlor had a half-life of disappearance 3 days in NJ, 4.9 days in YC and 25.7 days in YT soils. The HRLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analyses identified ten metabolites and eight conjugates generated through dealkylation, hydroxylation, thiol conjugation and glycosylation pathways. The acetochlor adsorption to soils ranked in the order of YT>YC>NJ and was committed to the Freundlich model. By examining the effects of soil moisture, microbial activity, illumination/darkness, etc. on acetochlor degradation in soils, we showed that the chemical metabolisms could undergo multiple processes through soil microbial degradation, hydrolysis or photolysis-mediated mechanisms. The longitudinal migration assay revealed that acetochlor leaching ability in the three soils was YT>YC>NJ, which was negatively associated with the order of adsorption behavior. Four kinds of weed were grown in the acetochlor-contaminated NJ soil. The lethal concentrations for the weed plantlets were 0.16-0.3 mg/kg, much lower than the dosage of realistic field application. Overall, our work provided novel insights into the mechanism for acetochlor behaviors in soils, the natural degradation process in the environment, and the lethal concentration to the tested weed plants.

除草剂乙草胺的连续施用导致了杂草广泛的耐药性以及对环境和人类健康的高风险。为了评估实际土壤中乙草胺的环境行为和最低剂量，我们系统地研究了南京（NJ），盐城（YC）这三种土壤类型中乙草胺的吸附/解吸，迁移率，浸出，降解，杂草生物利用度和致命剂量。 ）和鹰潭（YT）。在相同的条件下（60％的湿度和黑暗），乙草胺在新泽西州的消失半衰期为3天，在YC土壤中为4.9天，在YT土壤中为25.7天。HRLC-Q-TOF-MS / MS分析确定了通过脱烷基，羟化，硫醇结合和糖基化途径生成的十种代谢物和八种结合物。乙草胺在土壤中的吸附顺序为YT> YC> NJ，并致力于Freundlich模型。通过研究土壤水分，微生物活性，光照/黑暗等对土壤乙草胺降解的影响，我们表明化学代谢可以通过土壤微生物降解，水解或光解介导的机制经历多个过程。纵向迁移实验表明，三种土壤中乙草胺的浸出能力为YT> YC> NJ，与吸附行为的顺序呈负相关。在被乙草胺污染的新泽西州土壤中生长了四种杂草。杂草幼苗的致死浓度为0.16-0.3 mg / kg，远低于实际田间施用的剂量。总体，