Abstract Working dogs are valued for their olfactory abilities, trainability, and teamwork with their handlers. They often work in environments that could be associated with stress, and it is critical to understand the impact these experiences have on behavioral and medical welfare. A cohort of search-and-rescue (SAR) dogs that responded to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and a cohort of SAR dogs that did not deploy to that event have been followed over their lifetimes to assess the health and behavioral effects of this deployment. The Canine Behavioral and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) was administered annually to handlers of 150 dogs (95 deployed and 55 non-deployed). Generalized additive models (GAM) were used to examine the relationship between independent variables including age, sex, deployment status, FEMA certification type, and breed with each behavior as the dependent variable. The GAM model was used so the age and the relationship between age and deployment status could be modeled nonparametrically with a function that changes over the range of the variable in nonlinear ways. There was no effect of deployment status on any of the C-BARQ subscales except that deployed dogs had higher trainability (P = 0.03). The nonlinear smooth terms for age were significant for trainability (P

中文翻译：

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2001 年 9 月 11 日恐怖袭击的搜救犬的长期行为恢复能力

摘要 工作犬因其嗅觉能力、可训练性以及与处理人员的团队合作而受到重视。他们经常在可能与压力相关的环境中工作，了解这些经历对行为和医疗福利的影响至关重要。对 2001 年 9 月 11 日的恐怖袭击做出反应的一组搜救 (SAR) 犬和一组未部署到该事件中的搜救犬在其一生中进行了跟踪，以评估其对健康和行为的影响。本次部署。犬类行为和研究问卷 (C-BARQ) 每年对 150 只狗（95 只部署和 55 只未部署）的处理人员进行管理。广义可加模型 (GAM) 用于检查自变量之间的关系，包括年龄、性别、部署状态、FEMA 认证类型、并以每个行为作为因变量进行繁殖。使用 GAM 模型，因此可以使用在变量范围内以非线性方式变化的函数以非参数方式对年龄以及年龄与部署状态之间的关系进行建模。部署状态对任何 C-BARQ 分量表都没有影响，只是部署的狗具有更高的可训练性 (P = 0.03)。年龄的非线性平滑项对可训练性显着（P