Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have witnessed significant attention from both industries and academia in research and development. This is due to the wide range of applications including scientific, commercial, military, and environmental. Considering the peculiar characteristics and harsh environments of UWSNs, reliable green communication among sensor nodes in the network is one of the major challenging tasks. In this context, this article proposes a localization-free shortest path reliable and energy-efficient pressure-based routing (SPRE-PBR) protocol for UWSNs. SPRE-PBR considers three parameters including residual energy, pressure, and link quality for selecting the next forwarding nodes. Moreover, SPRE-PBR is designed and developed to control path selection and reduce the unnecessary forwarding based on route cost calculation and optimal shortest path algorithm. The comprehensive performance evaluation attests the benefit of SPRE-PBR as compared with the state-of-the-art techniques considering underwater networking centric metrics.

中文翻译：

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水下无线传感器网络中的绿色计算压力中心能量建模

水下无线传感器网络（UWSN）在研发中受到了业界和学术界的极大关注。这是由于应用广泛，包括科学，商业，军事和环境。考虑到UWSN的特殊特性和恶劣环境，网络中传感器节点之间的可靠绿色通信是主要的挑战性任务之一。在这种情况下，本文提出了针对UWSN的无本地化的最短路径可靠且节能的基于压力的路由（SPRE-PBR）协议。SPRE-PBR考虑三个参数，包括剩余能量，压力和链路质量，以选择下一个转发节点。此外，SPRE-PBR是根据路由成本计算和最佳最短路径算法设计和开发的，用于控制路径选择并减少不必要的转发。与考虑水下网络中心指标的最新技术相比，全面的性能评估证明了SPRE-PBR的优势。