This article proposes a method for optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) to improve measurement redundancy distribution in a system under normal operating condition or in presence of contingency. The minimum number of PMUs is determined using integer linear programming method, after which the measurement redundancy is optimized using a novel model to represent the redundancy level of each bus. Weight parameters are assigned to auxiliary variables, which enables control of priority of different redundancy level. The impact of zero injection bus is integrated into the model, as well as the channel limitation of PMUs and existing measurements. Besides, contingency is modeled in a generalized form, which enables N-1 or N-2 contingency analysis. The proposed method is tested on various IEEE systems, and the results show that the number of PMUs obtained by the proposed method is further reduced comparing with other methods, while with a highly improved measurement redundancy.

中文翻译：

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考虑零注入总线和意外情况的测量冗余分布的PMU放置

本文提出了一种用于优化相量测量单元（PMU）的方法，以改善系统在正常操作条件下或存在突发事件时的测量冗余分布。使用整数线性编程方法确定PMU的最小数量，然后使用新颖的模型优化测量冗余，以表示每个总线的冗余级别。将权重参数分配给辅助变量，从而可以控制不同冗余级别的优先级。模型中集成了零注入总线的影响，以及PMU的通道限制和现有测量。此外，权变以通用形式建模，可以进行N-1或N-2权变分析。所提出的方法已在各种IEEE系统上进行了测试，