The determination of quantitative relationship between soil dielectric constant and water content is an important basis for measuring soil water content based on ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology. The calculation of soil volumetric water content using GPR technology is usually based on the classic Topp formula. However, there are large errors between measured values and calculated values when using the formula, and it cannot be flexibly applied to different media. To solve these problems, first, a combination of GPR and shallow drilling is used to calibrate the wave velocity to obtain an accurate dielectric constant. Then, combined with experimental moisture content, the intelligent group algorithm is applied to accurately build mathematical models of the relative dielectric constant and volumetric water content, and the Topp formula is revised for sand and clay media. Compared with the classic Topp formula, the average error rate of sand is decreased by nearly 15.8%, the average error rate of clay is decreased by 31.75%. The calculation accuracy of the formula has been greatly improved. It proves that the revised model is accurate, and at the same time, it proves the rationality of the method of using GPR wave velocity calibration method to accurately calculate the volumetric water content.

中文翻译：

---

基于群智能优化算法的探地雷达数据估算土壤含水量——在陕北矿区的应用

土壤介电常数与含水量之间定量关系的确定是基于探地雷达（GPR）技术测量土壤含水量的重要依据。使用探地雷达技术计算土壤体积含水量通常基于经典的 Topp 公式。但使用公式时实测值与计算值误差较大，不能灵活应用于不同介质。为了解决这些问题，首先，结合探地雷达和浅层钻井来校准波速，以获得准确的介电常数。然后结合实验含水率，应用智能组算法，准确建立相对介电常数和体积含水率的数学模型，并且针对沙子和粘土介质修改了 Topp 公式。与经典Topp公式相比，沙子的平均错误率降低了近15.8%，粘土的平均错误率降低了31.75%。大大提高了公式的计算精度。证明了修正后的模型是准确的，同时也证明了采用探地雷达波速标定法准确计算体积含水量的方法的合理性。