Nearly all microbes, including fungi, grow firmly attached to surfaces as a biofilm. Yet, attention toward fungal interactions with plants and the environment is dedicated to free-floating (planktonic) cells. Fungal biofilms are generally thought to configure interactions across and among plant populations. Despite this, plant fungal biofilm research lags far behind the research on biofilms of medically important fungi. The deficit in noticing and exploring this research avenue could limit disease management and plant improvement programs. Here, we provide the current state of knowledge of fungal biofilms and the different pivotal ecological roles they impart in the context of disease, through leveraging evidence across medically important fungi, secondary metabolite production, plant beneficial functions and climate change. We also provide views on several important information gaps potentially hampering plant fungal biofilm research, and propose a way forward to address these gaps.

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植物相关真菌生物膜—已知与未知

几乎所有微生物（包括真菌）都牢固地附着在表面上，成为生物膜。但是，人们对与植物和环境进行真菌相互作用的关注主要集中在自由漂浮（浮游生物）细胞上。通常认为，真菌生物膜可在植物种群之间和种群之间进行相互作用。尽管如此，植物真菌生物膜的研究仍远远落后于医学上重要真菌的生物膜的研究。注意和探索该研究途径的缺陷可能会限制疾病管理和植物改良计划。在这里，我们通过利用医学上重要的真菌，次生代谢产物的产生，植物的有益功能和气候变化方面的证据，提供真菌生物膜的最新知识及其在疾病中所赋予的不同的关键生态作用。