With increasing attention being paid to improving emotional well-being, recent evidence points to gut microbiota as a key player in regulating mental and physical health via bidirectional communication between the brain and gut. Here, we examine the association between emotional well-being and gut microbiome profiles (i.e., gut microbiome composition, diversity, and the moderating role of the enterotypes) among healthy Korean adults (n = 83, mean age = 48.9, SD = 13.2). The research was performed using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to obtain gut microbiome profiles, as well as a self-report survey that included the Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The cluster-based analysis identified two enterotypes dominated by the genera Bacteroides (n = 49) and Prevotella (n = 34). Generalized linear regression analysis reveals significant associations between positive emotion and gut microbiome diversity (Shannon Index) among participants in the Prevotella dominant group, whereas no such relationship emerged among participants in the Bacteroides group. Moreover, a novel genus from the family Lachnospiraceae is associated with emotional well-being scores, both positive and negative. Together, the current findings highlight the enterotype-specific links between the gut microbiota community and emotion in healthy adults and suggest the possible roles of the gut microbiome in promoting mental health.

随着人们越来越关注改善情绪健康，最近的证据表明肠道微生物群是通过大脑和肠道之间的双向沟通​​调节心理和身体健康的关键角色。在这里，我们研究了健康韩国成年人的情绪健康与肠道微生物组概况（即肠道微生物组组成、多样性和肠型的调节作用）之间的关联（ n = 83，平均年龄 = 48.9，SD = 13.2） 。该研究使用高通量 16S rRNA 基因测序来获取肠道微生物组概况，以及包括积极影响消极影响表 (PANAS) 在内的自我报告调查。基于聚类的分析确定了以拟杆菌属（ n = 49）和普雷沃氏菌属（ n = 34）为主的两种肠型。广义线性回归分析显示，普雷沃氏菌属优势组的参与者中，积极情绪与肠道微生物组多样性（香农指数）之间存在显着关联，而拟杆菌组的参与者中则没有出现这种关系。此外，毛螺菌科的一个新属与积极和消极的情绪健康得分有关。总之，目前的研究结果强调了健康成年人肠道微生物群落与情绪之间的肠型特异性联系，并表明肠道微生物组在促进心理健康方面的可能作用。