We studied the impact of bariatric surgery on the intestinal microbiota of morbidly obese study subjects. A total of 13 morbidly obese women (five of which had type 2 diabetes) and 14 healthy age- and gender-matched controls were recruited and the microbiota composition of fecal samples were determined by using a phylogenetic microarray. Sampling of the patients took place just one month before and 6 months after the operation. Within six months after bariatric surgery, the obese subjects had lost on average a quarter of their weight whereas four of the five of the diabetic subjects were in remission. Bariatric surgery was associated with an increased microbial community richness and Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio. In addition, we observed an increased relative abundance of facultative anaerobes, such as Streptococcus spp., and a reduction in specific butyrate-producing Firmicutes. The observed postoperative alterations in intestinal microbiota reflect adaptation to the changing conditions in the gastrointestinal tract, such as energy restriction and the inability to process fiber-rich foods after bariatric surgery.

中文翻译：

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病态肥胖女性在减肥手术后 6 个月部分恢复正常肠道菌群

我们研究了减肥手术对病态肥胖研究对象肠道微生物群的影响。总共招募了 13 名病态肥胖女性（其中 5 名患有 2 型糖尿病）和 14 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照，并通过使用系统发育微阵列确定粪便样本的微生物群组成。对患者进行采样是在手术前 1 个月和手术后 6 个月进行的。在减肥手术后的六个月内，肥胖受试者的体重平均减轻了四分之一，而五名糖尿病受试者中有四名病情缓解。减肥手术与微生物群落丰富度和拟杆菌/Firmicutes 比率的增加有关。此外，我们观察到兼性厌氧菌的相对丰度增加，如链球菌属、和减少特定的产生丁酸盐的厚壁菌门。观察到的术后肠道菌群变化反映了对胃肠道条件变化的适应，例如能量限制和减肥手术后无法处理富含纤维的食物。