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DFT and IsoStar Analyses to Assess the Utility of σ‐ and π‐Hole Interactions for Crystal Engineering
ChemPhysChem ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 , DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000927
Tiddo Jonathan Mooibroek 1
Affiliation  

The interpretation of 36 charge neutral ‘contact pairs’ from the IsoStar database was supported by DFT calculations of model molecules 112, and bimolecular adducts thereof. The ‘central groups’ are σ‐hole donors (H2O and aromatic C−I), π‐hole donors (R−C(O)Me, R−NO2 and R−C6F5) and for comparison R−C6H5 (R=any group or atom). The ‘contact groups’ are hydrogen bond donors X−H (X=N, O, S, or R2C, or R3C) and lone‐pair containing fragments (R3C−F, R−C≡N and R2C=O). Nearly all the IsoStar distributions follow expectations based on the electrostatic potential of the ‘central‐’ and ‘contact group’. Interaction energies (ΔEBSSE) are dominated by electrostatics (particularly between two polarized molecules) or dispersion (especially in case of large contact area). Orbital interactions never dominate, but could be significant (∼30 %) and of the n/π→σ*/π* kind. The largest degree of directionality in the IsoStar plots was typically observed for adducts more stable than ΔEBSSE≈−4 kcal⋅mol−1, which can be seen as a benchmark‐value for the utility of an interaction in crystal engineering. This benchmark could be met with all the σ‐ and π‐hole donors studied.

中文翻译:

DFT 和 IsoStar 分析评估 σ 和 π 孔相互作用在晶体工程中的效用

对 IsoStar 数据库中 36 个电荷中性“接触对”的解释得到了模型分子112及其双分子加合物的 DFT 计算的支持。“中心基团”是 σ 空穴供体(H 2 O 和芳香族 C−I)、π 空穴供体(R−C(O)Me、R−NO 2和 R−C 6 F 5),以及用于比较的 R -C 6 H 5 (R=任何基团或原子)。“接触基团”是氢键供体 X−H(X=N、O、S 或 R 2 C 或 R 3 C)和包含孤对电子片段(R 3 C−F、R−CeqN 和R 2 C=O)。几乎所有 IsoStar 分布都遵循基于“中心”和“接触组”静电势的预期。相互作用能 (ΔE BSSE ) 主要由静电(特别是两个极化分子之间)或色散(特别是在大接触面积的情况下)决定。轨道相互作用永远不会占主导地位,但可能很重要(∼30%)并且是n /π→σ*/π* 类型。IsoStar 图中最大程度的方向性通常观察到比 ΔE BSSE ≈−4 kcal⋅mol −1更稳定的加合物,这可以被视为晶体工程中相互作用效用的基准值。所有研究的 σ 和 π 孔供体都可以满足该基准。
更新日期:2021-01-21
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