Stachys species have traditionally been used by the people for thousands of years to treat various diseases. In this study, the chemical composition and enzyme inhibitory activities of the various extracts of Stachys germanica subsp. heldreichii (Boiss.) Hayek (Lamiaceae), which were isolated using solvents with different polarities, were investigated. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were analyzed by phosphomolybdenum, radical scavenging [on DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)], reducing power [CUPRAC (cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power)] and ferrous ion chelating tests, while tyrosinase and α-amylase were used for enzyme inhibitory activity assays. RACI (relative antioxidant capacity index) analysis showed that the ranking of the extracts was MeOH (methanol) > Water > EtOAc (ethyl acetate). In ABTS radical scavenging (2.26 mg/mL), phosphomolybdenum (1.68 mg/mL), CUPRAC (1.35 mg/mL) and FRAP tests (0.75 mg/mL), the MeOH extract showed the highest activity. However, the water extract exhibited the highest activity in DPPH radical scavenging and ferrous ion chelating tests. Tyrosinase inhibition potential of the MeOH extract was significant (IC₅₀: 2.90 mg/mL). On the other hand, in α-amylase inhibition assay, EtOAc extract showed the highest activity (2.24 mg/mL). Amount of phenolics was higher in all extracts than flavonoids. MeOH extract was the richest one in phenolics and flavonoids. The major compounds of the extracts were chlorogenic acid and verbascoside. Pearson correlation analysis showed that these compounds were responsible especially for radical scavenging activity. Correlation between chemical composition and activity findings showed that verbascoside and apigenin contributed to tyrosinase and α-amylase inhibition, respectively.

人们传统上将水苏树种用于治疗各种疾病已有数千年的历史。在这项研究中，德国水苏属亚种的各种提取物的化学组成和酶抑制活性。Holdreichii（Boiss。）研究了使用不同极性溶剂分离的哈耶克（唇形科）。通过磷钼，自由基清除[在DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶基肼基）和ABTS（2,2'-叠氮基双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）]上）分析提取物的抗氧化活性。功率[CUPRAC（降低铜的抗氧化能力）和FRAP（铁还原的抗氧化能力）]和亚铁离子螯合测试，而酪氨酸酶和α-淀粉酶用于酶抑制活性测定。RACI（相对抗氧化能力指数）分析表明，提取物的等级为MeOH（甲醇）>水> EtOAc（乙酸乙酯）。在ABTS自由基清除（2.26 mg / mL），磷钼（1.68 mg / mL），CUPRAC（1.35 mg / mL）和FRAP测试（0.75 mg / mL），MeOH提取物显示出最高的活性。在DPPH自由基清除和亚铁离子螯合测试中，水提取物表现出最高的活性。甲醇提取物的酪氨酸酶抑制潜能显着（IC₅₀：2.90 mg / mL）。另一方面，在α-淀粉酶抑制试验中，EtOAc提取物显示出最高的活性（2.24 mg / mL）。所有提取物中的酚类含量均高于类黄酮。MeOH提取物中酚和类黄酮含量最高。提取物的主要化合物是绿原酸和马齿bas苷。Pearson相关分析表明，这些化合物尤其对自由基清除活性负责。化学成分与活性发现之间的相关性表明，马齿co苷和芹菜素分别对酪氨酸酶和α-淀粉酶有抑制作用。