Abstract The hydrography and circulation of the Northwestern Iberian Margin (NWIM) was studied over an annual cycle from November 2008 to December 2009. The study was focused on the Cape Silleiro border region that separates the rugged northern coastline of the Rias Baixas embayments and the smoother southern coastline, a source of major fresh water outflows. Monthly across-shelf transects off Cape Silleiro monitored hydrography and currents, while an upward-looking ADCP registered currents in 72 m depth on the shelf over the period. To provide greater detail of the variability both spatial and temporal, during the annual cycle, a ROMS-AGRIF configuration of the region was built. Validation of the model against the observations produced robust results that reproduced many aspects of the observed variability. It was therefore possible to examine features of the NWIM, such as the seasonal cycle, wind-induced upwelling and downwelling and their associated horizontal circulations, as well as nearshore countercurrents related to freshwater plumes, in unprecedented detail. Five different scenarios were investigated in the study year through examination of characteristic physical processes: 1) late autumn upwelling, 2) high energy winter conditions, 3) spring upwelling-downwelling cycles, 4) summer upwelling, and 5) autumn transition to high energy conditions. The demonstration of the robust capacity of this model configuration, to reproduce in detail the phenomena observed in this region, suggests that the physical model could be reliably extended to other years in order to provide the basis for multidisciplinary studies in relation to biogeochemical cycles and harmful blooms. Other applications could include transport of sediments, larvae, microplastics and other contaminants as well as operational application for general ocean forecasting.

中文翻译：

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定点时间序列、重复测量和高分辨率建模揭示了伊比利亚西北部上升流的事件尺度响应

摘要 2008 年 11 月至 2009 年 12 月的年度周期内对伊比利亚西北部边缘 (NWIM) 的水文和环流进行了研究。该研究的重点是西莱罗角边境地区，该地区将崎岖的 Rias Baixas 海湾北部海岸线与更平坦的海岸线分开。南部海岸线，主要淡水流出的来源。西莱罗角附近的每月跨架横断面监测了水文和洋流，而一个向上看的 ADCP 在此期间记录了架子上 72 m 深度的洋流。为了提供更多关于空间和时间可变性的细节，在年度周期内，建立了该地区的 ROMS-AGRIF 配置。针对观察结果验证模型产生了稳健的结果，重现了观察到的可变性的许多方面。因此，有可能以前所未有的细节检查 NWIM 的特征，例如季节性周期、风引起的上升流和下降流及其相关的水平环流，以及与淡水羽流相关的近岸逆流。在研究年中通过检查特征物理过程研究了五种不同的情景：1) 深秋上升流，2) 高能量冬季条件，3) 春季上升流-下降流循环，4) 夏季上升流，以及 5) 秋季向高能量的过渡使适应。展示该模型配置的强大能力，以详细再现在该区域观察到的现象，表明物理模型可以可靠地扩展到其他年份，以便为与生物地球化学循环和有害水华相关的多学科研究提供基础。其他应用可能包括沉积物、幼虫、微塑料和其他污染物的运输以及一般海洋预测的业务应用。