Asymmetric devices are fabricated by cramming the active material Co₃O₄/C composite (positive electrode) with activated carbon (negative electrode). Devices are examined under aqueous and gelled electrolyte. The theoretical model is adopted to study the charge storage mechanism in two devices. It has been observed that the capacitive and diffusion-controlled contribution of electrode material is affected by the phase change of electrolyte. Diffusive contribution is prominent in case of 1 M KOH aqueous electrolyte while more capacitive contribution has been noticed in PVA-KOH-C gelled electrolyte. By changing the phase of electrolyte, the potential window is enhanced which upsurges the energy density of device. For commercial applications, solid state device exhibits more energy storage and have high safety standards than aqueous electrolyte-based devices.

通过填充活性材料Co ₃ O ₄制造不对称器件/ C复合材料（正极）和活性炭（负极）。在水和凝胶电解质下检查设备。采用理论模型研究了两种器件的电荷存储机理。已经观察到，电极材料的电容性和扩散控制的贡献受电解质的相变影响。在1 M KOH水性电解质的情况下，扩散贡献突出，而在PVA-KOH-C凝胶电解质中发现了更大的电容贡献。通过改变电解质的相，电位窗口得以增强，从而增加了设备的能量密度。对于商业应用，固态设备比基于电解质的水溶液设备具有更多的能量存储和较高的安全标准。