New large neuroimaging studies, such as the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study (ABCD) and Human Connectome Project (HCP) Development studies are adopting a new T1-weighted imaging sequence with prospective motion correction (PMC) in favor of the more traditional 3-Dimensional Magnetization-Prepared Rapid Gradient-Echo Imaging (MPRAGE) sequence. Here, we used a developmental dataset (ages 5-21, N=348) from the Healthy Brain Network (HBN) Initiative to directly compare two widely used MRI structural sequences: one based on the Human Connectome Project (MPRAGE) and another based on the ABCD study (MPRAGE+PMC). We aimed to determine if the morphometric measurements obtained from both protocols are equivalent or if one sequence has a clear advantage over the other. The sequences were also compared through quality control measurements. Inter- and intra-sequence reliability were assessed with another set of participants (N=71) from HBN that performed two MPRAGE and two MPRAGE+PMC sequences within the same imaging session, with one MPRAGE (MPRAGE1) and MPRAGE+PMC (MPRAGE+PMC1) pair at the beginning of the session and another pair (MPRAGE2 and MPRAGE+PMC2) at the end of the session. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) scores for morphometric measurements such as volume and cortical thickness showed that intra-sequence reliability is the highest with the two MPRAGE+PMC sequences and lowest with the two MPRAGE sequences. Regarding inter-sequence reliability, ICC scores were higher for the MPRAGE1 - MPRAGE+PMC1 pair at the beginning of the session than the MPRAGE1 - MPRAGE2 pair, possibly due to the higher motion artifacts in the MPRAGE2 run. Results also indicated that the MPRAGE+PMC sequence is robust, but not impervious, to high head motion. For quality control metrics, the traditional MPRAGE yielded better results than MPRAGE+PMC in 5 of the 8 measurements. In conclusion, morphometric measurements evaluated here showed high inter-sequence reliability between the MPRAGE and MPRAGE+PMC sequences, especially in images with low head motion. We suggest that studies targeting hyperkinetic populations use the MPRAGE+PMC sequence, given its robustness to head motion and higher reliability scores. However, neuroimaging researchers studying non-hyperkinetic participants can choose either MPRAGE or MPRAGE+PMC sequences, but should carefully consider the apparent tradeoff between relatively increased reliability, but reduced quality control metrics when using the MPRAGE+PMC sequence.

中文翻译：

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是时候切换您的 T1W 序列了吗？评估前瞻性运动校正对结构成像可靠性和质量的影响

新的大型神经影像学研究，例如青少年大脑认知发展研究 (ABCD) 和人类连接组计划 (HCP) 发展研究，正在采用具有前瞻性运动校正 (PMC) 的新 T1 加权成像序列，以支持更传统的 3 维磁化准备的快速梯度回波成像 (MPRAGE) 序列。在这里，我们使用来自健康脑网络 (HBN) 计划的发育数据集（5-21 岁，N=348）直接比较两种广泛使用的 MRI 结构序列：一种基于人类连接组计划 (MPRAGE)，另一种基于ABCD 研究（MPRAGE+PMC）。我们旨在确定从两种协议中获得的形态测量值是否等效，或者一个序列是否比另一个序列具有明显的优势。这些序列还通过质量控制测量进行了比较。来自 HBN 的另一组参与者 (N=71) 评估了序列间和序列内的可靠性，这些参与者在同一成像会话中执行了两个 MPRAGE 和两个 MPRAGE+PMC 序列，其中一个 MPRAGE (MPRAGE1) 和 MPRAGE+PMC (MPRAGE+ PMC1) 在会话开始时配对，另一对（MPRAGE2 和 MPRAGE+PMC2）在会话结束时。体积和皮质厚度等形态测量的组内相关系数 (ICC) 分数表明，两个 MPRAGE+PMC 序列的序列内可靠性最高，而两个 MPRAGE 序列的序列内可靠性最低。关于序列间可靠性，会话开始时 MPRAGE1 - MPRAGE+PMC1 对的 ICC 分数高于 MPRAGE1 - MPRAGE2 对，这可能是由于 MPRAGE2 运行中的运动伪影较高。结果还表明，MPRAGE+PMC 序列对高头部运动具有鲁棒性，但并非不可渗透。对于质量控制指标，在 8 次测量中的 5 次中，传统 MPRAGE 产生了比 MPRAGE+PMC 更好的结果。总之，这里评估的形态测量显示 MPRAGE 和 MPRAGE+PMC 序列之间的序列间可靠性高，尤其是在头部运动较低的图像中。我们建议针对运动过度人群的研究使用 MPRAGE+PMC 序列，因为它对头部运动的鲁棒性和更高的可靠性分数。然而，研究非运动过度参与者的神经影像研究人员可以选择 MPRAGE 或 MPRAGE+PMC 序列，但在使用 MPRAGE+PMC 序列时，应仔细考虑相对增加的可靠性与降低的质量控制指标之间的明显权衡。