Abstract Porous structure, large surface area, and favorable electrical conductivity play crucial roles in enhancing electrochemical response for small molecule detection. Herein, hierarchically ordered porous nitrogen-doped carbon (HOPNC) was synthesized via one-step carbonization of the as-prepared precursor of hierarchically ordered porous ZIF-8. A glassy carbon electrode modified with the HOPNC was used as a sensor to detect quercetin (Qu) via cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry measurements with an accumulation step. The 3D hierarchically ordered porous structure of the material was characterized by scanning electron microscope, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques. The orderly interconnected macro/meso/microporous can accelerate the mass transfer and offer a large surface area to adsorb more target molecules. Moreover, N doping introduced abundant defects into the carbon matrix, which will be used as adsorption sites and reaction sites to promote the affinity and activation of the sample toward Qu. As a result, the HOPNC/GCE exhibits enhanced electroanalytical performance: (a) Two linear response towards Qu at the range of 0.1–20 μM (R2 = 0.987, sensitivity of 4.56 μA/μM) and 20–120 μM (R2 = 0.991, sensitivity of 0.88 μA/μM); (b) detection limit of 0.03 μM (S/N = 3); (c) recoveries of 94.0%–100% in Ginkgo biloba extract tablet.

中文翻译：

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层序多孔氮掺杂碳修饰玻碳电极伏安法检测槲皮素

摘要 多孔结构、大表面积和良好的导电性在增强小分子检测的电化学响应方面起着至关重要的作用。在此，通过对所制备的分级有序多孔 ZIF-8 前驱体进行一步碳化来合成分级有序多孔掺氮碳 (HOPNC)。使用 HOPNC 修饰的玻璃碳电极作为传感器，通过循环伏安法和具有累积步骤的差分脉冲伏安法测量检测槲皮素 (Qu)。通过扫描电子显微镜、高分辨透射电子显微镜、氮吸附-解吸技术对材料的3D分层有序多孔结构进行了表征。有序互连的大孔/中孔/微孔可以加速传质并提供大的表面积以吸附更多的目标分子。此外，N 掺杂在碳基质中引入了大量缺陷，这些缺陷将用作吸附位点和反应位点，以促进样品对 Qu 的亲和力和活化。因此，HOPNC/GCE 表现出增强的电分析性能：（a）在 0.1-20 μM（R2 = 0.987，灵敏度为 4.56 μA/μM）和 20-120 μM（R2 = 0.991）范围内对 Qu 的两个线性响应, 灵敏度为 0.88 μA/μM)；(b) 检测限为 0.03 μM (S/N = 3)；(c) 银杏叶提取物片剂的回收率为 94.0%–100%。将用作吸附位点和反应位点，以促进样品对 Qu 的亲和力和活化。因此，HOPNC/GCE 表现出增强的电分析性能：（a）在 0.1-20 μM（R2 = 0.987，灵敏度为 4.56 μA/μM）和 20-120 μM（R2 = 0.991）范围内对 Qu 的两个线性响应, 灵敏度为 0.88 μA/μM)；(b) 检测限为 0.03 μM (S/N = 3)；(c) 银杏叶提取物片剂的回收率为 94.0%–100%。将用作吸附位点和反应位点，以促进样品对 Qu 的亲和力和活化。因此，HOPNC/GCE 表现出增强的电分析性能：（a）在 0.1-20 μM（R2 = 0.987，灵敏度为 4.56 μA/μM）和 20-120 μM（R2 = 0.991）范围内对 Qu 的两个线性响应, 灵敏度为 0.88 μA/μM)；(b) 检测限为 0.03 μM (S/N = 3)；(c) 银杏叶提取物片剂的回收率为 94.0%–100%。