Abstract Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are devices that convert external mechanical energy into electricity by combining the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction. As a new mechanical energy harvesting system, TENGs have demonstrated high vitality and great advantage, which hold great promise for applications in various areas of the future society. Over the past few years, the exponential growth of many new classes of polymeric materials for TENGs has been demonstrated. This review presents and evaluates the range of polymer materials for TENGs, and also attempts to assess the influence of modern polymer chemistry on the development of advanced materials for TENGs. Among the most widely used polymer materials for TENGs, polymer-containing electrodes based on metal, carbon and conjugated polymers, as well as polymer triboelectric materials, which are subdivided into synthetic and natural polymers, are identified. The analysis of the use of biocompatible, biodegradable, humidity-resistant and pressure-resistant polymers in TENGs is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the use of self-healing and shape memory polymers as components of TENGs. Finally, the problems and prospects for the development of polymer materials for TENGs are outlined.

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用于摩擦纳米发电机 (TENG) 的聚合物化学基础材料：近期趋势

摘要 摩擦纳米发电机（TENGs）是通过结合摩擦电效应和静电感应将外部机械能转化为电能的装置。TENGs作为一种新型的机械能收集系统，展现出强大的生命力和巨大的优势，在未来社会的各个领域有着广阔的应用前景。在过去几年中，许多用于 TENG 的新型聚合物材料呈指数增长。本综述介绍并评估了用于 TENG 的聚合物材料的范围，并试图评估现代聚合物化学对 TENG 先进材料开发的影响。在用于 TENG 的最广泛使用的聚合物材料中，基于金属、碳和共轭聚合物的含聚合物电极，以及聚合物摩擦电材料，它们被细分为合成和天然聚合物。对生物相容性、可生物降解、耐湿和耐压聚合物在 TENG 中的使用进行了分析。特别注意使用自修复和形状记忆聚合物作为 TENG 的组成部分。最后，概述了用于 TENG 的高分子材料发展的问题和前景。