Objective

Zirconia is commonly used for manufacturing of dental implants thanks to its excellent mechanical, biological and aesthetic properties. However, its bioinertness inhibits bonding with the surrounding hard tissue and other surface interactions. In our study, we present a method for multifunctionalization of zirconia surface to improve its osseointegration and to minimize the infection risks.

Methods

For this reason, we introduced antibacterial and bioactive properties to zirconia surfaces by calcium phosphate biomimetic coating. The samples were incubated in vials in horizontal and vertical position in concentrated simulated body fluid (SBF) containing 0.1, 0.5, and 3 g/L of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and then were tested for their structure, surface properties, cytocompatibility and antibacterial properties.

Results and Significance

The results demonstrated that our method is suitable to introduce Ag-NPs at different concentrations into the calcium phosphate layer, i.e. from 0.05–26.6 atom% as shown by EDX. According to the results of CFU-assay these coatings exhibited antibacterial properties against S. aureus and E. coli in correlation with the concentration of Ag-NP. The potential cytotoxicity of the coated samples was determined by AlamarBlue® assay and live/dead staining of MG63 osteoblast-like cells in direct contact and by testing the extracts from the materials. Only samples containing 0.05 atom% Ag-NPs, i.e. incubated in vertical position at SBF with 0.01 g/L Ag-NPs, were found cytocompatible in direct contact with MG63 cells. On the contrary in the indirect tests, the extracts from all the materials were found cytocompatible. This method could allow developing the completely new material group, exhibiting not only one but several biological properties, which can improve osseointegration and minimize infection risks.

中文翻译：

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就抗微生物和骨传导特性而言，在氧化锆陶瓷材料上仿生就地沉淀含银纳米颗粒的磷酸钙，以实现表面功能化

目的

氧化锆因其出色的机械，生物学和美学特性而通常用于制造牙科植入物。但是，其生物惰性抑制了与周围硬组织的结合以及其他表面相互作用。在我们的研究中，我们提出了一种用于氧化锆表面多功能化的方法，以改善其骨整合并最大程度地降低感染风险。

方法

因此，我们通过磷酸钙仿生涂层在氧化锆表面引入了抗菌和生物活性。将样品在装有0.1、0.5和3 g / L银纳米颗粒（Ag-NPs）的浓缩模拟体液（SBF）中水平和垂直放置在小瓶中，然后测试其结构，表面性质，细胞相容性和抗菌特性。

结果与意义

结果表明，我们的方法适合于将不同浓度的Ag-NPs引入磷酸钙层，即EDX所示的0.05-26.6原子％。根据CFU测定的结果，这些涂层表现出对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌性能。与Ag-NP的浓度相关。包被样品的潜在细胞毒性通过测定和直接接触MG63成骨样细胞的活/死染色以及通过测试材料的提取物来确定。发现仅含0.05％（原子）Ag-NP的样品，即在SBF中与0.01 g / L Ag-NPs在垂直位置孵育，发现与MG63细胞直接接触具有细胞相容性。相反，在间接测试中，发现所有材料的提取物具有细胞相容性。这种方法可以开发出全新的材料组，不仅具有一种生物学特性，而且还具有多种生物学特性，可以改善骨整合并最大程度地降低感染风险。