The amygdala morphometry is highly sensitive to stress and is implicated in various psychopathologies that are common among individuals with childhood maltreatment histories. This pilot study investigated bilateral amygdala volumetric changes among 15 young adults with childhood maltreatment histories undergoing an eight-week mindfulness intervention compared to 19 matched participants in a waitlist control group. Results indicated significant cross-individual variability in amygdala volumetric changes after the intervention, which resulted in no significant group by time interaction effect. Degree and direction of changes in right amygdala volume correlated with baseline volumes, with larger than average right amygdala showing an increase in volume and smaller amygdala a decrease. Increasing right amygdala volume was also associated with higher intervention compliance, and a greater increase in self-compassion. Increasing left amygdala volume was associated with more reduction in perceived stress, rejection sensitivity and interpersonal distress. Findings from the present study highlight the importance of investigating individual variability and its contributing factors in future studies on neural responses of mindfulness interventions, as well as the distinct responses of the left and right amygdala.

杏仁核形态测量对压力高度敏感，并与有儿童虐待史的个体中常见的各种精神病理学有关。这项试点研究调查了 15 名有童年虐待史的年轻人接受为期 8 周的正念干预，与等候名单对照组中的 19 名匹配参与者相比，双侧杏仁核体积变化。结果表明干预后杏仁核体积变化存在显着的个体差异，这导致没有显着的时间交互效应。右侧杏仁核体积变化的程度和方向与基线体积相关，大于平均水平的右侧杏仁核显示体积增加，较小的杏仁核减少。增加右侧杏仁核体积也与更高的干预依从性和更大的自我同情心相关。左侧杏仁核体积的增加与感知压力、拒绝敏感性和人际关系困扰的减少有关。本研究的结果强调了在未来研究正念干预的神经反应以及左右杏仁核的不同反应中研究个体变异性及其影响因素的重要性。