The evolution of biogeochemistry, retraces the important historical steps in part, covered by Gorham (Biogeochemistry 13:199–239, 1991) in the 18–19th centuries—with new emergent linkages and trends in 20–21st centuries. In the post-phlogiston period, key synthetic connections are made between weathering, atmospheric chemistry, carbon cycling, and climate change. Early work in the 19th century, focused on weathering and the importance of organisms in the exchange of carbon dioxide between the rocks and the atmosphere, provided foundations for new analytical approaches. The role microbes in connecting abiotic and biotic processes begins to emerge, based largely on the existing knowledge of stoichiometry in agricultural soils and plants. This in part, leads to the founding of ecology and its linkages with evolution and biogeography. Verandsky boldly emerges in the 20th century, with his concepts of a biosphere and a noosphere, as concerns begin to arise about human impacts on nature. The development of organic geochemistry as a discipline, allowed for new roots to develop in the evolution of biogeochemistry through linkages between short and long-term carbon cycles. In the 20th century, a new interesting stoichiometry emerges in biogeochemistry—as related to the Green Revolution, human population growth, and eutrophication problems. The advent of long-term and large-scale experiments help to constrain the complexity of non-linearity and regional differences in fluxes and rates in biogeochemical work. A new age begins in the 21st century whereby molecular approaches (e.g. omics) combined with large-scale satellite, monitoring, survey, observatory approaches are combined in the development of Earth System models. These new connections with ecological/evolutionary genetics are one of the more dramatic and important aspects of biogeochemistry in modern times.

中文翻译：

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生物地球化学的演变：重新审视

生物地球化学的演变部分追溯了 Gorham (Biogeochemistry 13:199-239, 1991) 在 18-19 世纪的重要历史步骤——在 20-21 世纪出现了新的联系和趋势。在后燃素时期，风化、大气化学、碳循环和气候变化之间建立了关键的综合联系。19 世纪的早期工作侧重于风化作用以及生物体在岩石与大气之间的二氧化碳交换中的重要性，为新的分析方法奠定了基础。微生物在连接非生物和生物过程中的作用开始显现，主要基于农业土壤和植物中化学计量的现有知识。这在一定程度上导致了生态学的建立及其与进化和生物地理学的联系。Verandsky 在 20 世纪大胆地提出了生物圈和智力圈的概念，因为人们开始担心人类对自然的影响。有机地球化学作为一门学科的发展，允许通过短期和长期碳循环之间的联系在生物地球化学的演变中发展新的根源。在 20 世纪，生物地球化学中出现了一种新的有趣的化学计量学——与绿色革命、人口增长和富营养化问题有关。长期和大规模实验的出现有助于限制非线性的复杂性以及生物地球化学工作中通量和速率的区域差异。21 世纪开启了一个新时代，分子方法（例如组学）与大规模卫星、监测、调查、天文台方法与地球系统模型的开发相结合。这些与生态/进化遗传学的新联系是现代生物地球化学更引人注目和更重要的方面之一。