Mitochondria are important cellular organelles involved in many different functions, from energy generation and fatty acid oxidation to cell death regulation and immune responses. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial stress acts as a key trigger of innate immune responses. Critically, the dysfunctional mitochondria can be selectively eliminated by mitophagy. The elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria may function as an effective way employed by mitophagy to keep the immune system in check. In addition, mitophagy can be utilized by pathogens for immune evasion. In this review, we summarize how mitochondrial stress triggers innate immune responses and the roles of mitophagy in innate immunity and in infection, as well as the molecular mechanisms of mitophagy.

中文翻译：

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线粒体自噬在线粒体应激引发的先天免疫反应中的作用

线粒体是重要的细胞器，涉及许多不同的功能，从能量产生和脂肪酸氧化到细胞死亡调节和免疫反应。越来越多的证据表明线粒体应激是先天免疫反应的关键触发因素。至关重要的是，功能失调的线粒体可以通过线粒体自噬选择性地消除。消除功能失调的线粒体可能是线粒体自噬用来控制免疫系统的有效方式。此外，病原体可以利用线粒体自噬来逃避免疫。在这篇综述中，我们总结了线粒体应激如何触发先天免疫反应，线粒体自噬在先天免疫和感染中的作用，以及线粒体自噬的分子机制。