Enabling high-throughput single-animal gene-expression studies with molecular and micro-scale technologies,Lab on a Chip

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Enabling high-throughput single-animal gene-expression studies with molecular and micro-scale technologies
Lab on a Chip ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-30 , DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00881h
Jason Wan ₁ , Hang Lu ₂

Affiliation

Gene expression and regulation play diverse and important roles across all living systems. By quantifying the expression, whether in a sample of single cells, a specific tissue, or in a whole animal, one can gain insights into the underlying biology. Many biological questions now require single-animal and tissue-specific resolution, such as why individuals, even within an isogenic population, have variations in development and aging across different tissues and organs. The popular techniques that quantify the transcriptome (e.g. RNA-sequencing) process populations of animals and cells together and thus, have limitations in both individual and spatial resolution. There are single-animal assays available (e.g. fluorescent reporters); however, they suffer other technical bottlenecks, such as a lack of robust sample-handling methods. Microfluidic technologies have demonstrated various improvements throughout the years, and it is likely they can enhance the impact of these single-animal gene-expression assays. In this perspective, we aim to highlight how the engineering/method-development field have unique opportunities to create new tools that can enable us to robustly answer the next set of important questions in biology that require high-density, high-quality gene expression data.

中文翻译：

利用分子和微观技术实现高通量单一动物基因表达研究

基因表达和调控在所有生命系统中发挥着多样化且重要的作用。通过量化表达，无论是在单细胞样本、特定组织还是整个动物中，人们都可以深入了解潜在的生物学。许多生物学问题现在需要单一动物和组织特异性的解决方案，例如为什么个体，即使在同基因群体中，不同组织和器官的发育和衰老也存在差异。量化转录组（例如RNA测序）的流行技术将动物和细胞群体一起处理，因此在个体和空间分辨率方面都有局限性。有可用的单一动物检测（例如荧光报告基因）；然而，它们还面临其他技术瓶颈，例如缺乏可靠的样品处理方法。多年来，微流体技术已经展示了各种改进，它们很可能可以增强这些单一动物基因表达测定的影响。从这个角度来看，我们的目标是强调工程/方法开发领域如何拥有独特的机会来创建新工具，使我们能够有力地回答下一组需要高密度、高质量基因表达数据的重要生物学问题。

更新日期：2020-11-25

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