At least three length scales are important in gaining a complete understanding of the physics of nuclei. These are the radius of the nucleus, the average inter-nucleon separation distance, and the size of the nucleon. The connections between the different scales are examined by using examples that demonstrate the direct connection between short-distance and high momentum transfer physics and also that significant high momentum content of wave functions is inevitable. The nuclear size is connected via the independent-pair approximation to the nucleon-nucleon separation distance, and this distance is connected via the concept of virtuality to the EMC effect. An explanation of the latter is presented in terms of light-front holographic wave functions of QCD. The net result is that the three scales are closely related, so that a narrow focus on any given specific range of scales may prevent an understanding of the fundamental origins of nuclear properties. It is also determined that, under certain suitable conditions, experiments are able to measure the momentum dependence of wave functions.

中文翻译：

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核物理中的发现与精度：三个尺度的故事

至少三个长度尺度对于获得对原子核物理的完整理解很重要。这些是原子核的半径、平均核子间间隔距离和核子的大小。通过使用示例来检查不同尺度之间的联系，这些例子证明了短距离和高动量传递物理之间的直接联系，以及波函数的显着高动量含量是不可避免的。核大小通过独立对近似与核子-核子分离距离相关联，而该距离通过虚拟性概念与 EMC 效应相关联。后者的解释是根据 QCD 的光前全息波函数提出的。最终结果是这三个量表密切相关，因此，狭隘地关注任何给定的特定尺度范围可能会妨碍对核特性的基本起源的理解。还确定，在某些合适的条件下，实验能够测量波函数的动量依赖性。